First, the origin of biological sensors
The 60 's of the 20th century, Updike and Hicks to glucose oxidase (GOD) immobilized membranes and oxygen electrode assembly, first made the first bio-sensors, i.e. glucose enzyme electrode.
To the 80 's biosensor research area has been formed. Its flagship event is: in 1985, the International Journal of bio-sensors "magazine in the United Kingdom; 1987 biosensor classics at Oxford publishing; in 1990, the first World Congress on biosensors to convene, and Singapore. Bio-sensor is a very active area of research and engineering, it and bioinformatics, biochips, biological Cybernetics, bionics and bio-computer sciences, Department of life science and information science in interdisciplinary areas. Their common characteristic is: explore and reveal the life system information of production, storage, transmission, processing, conversion and control, the basic rule on applied to basic human economic activities. Biosensor technology research focuses: widely used various bioactive materials combined with sensors, research and development have the recognition of the transducer, and manufacture of new types of analytical instruments and analytical methods of original technology, research and development of their application. Biosensor applications of bioactive material objects include biological molecules, cells, organelles, tissue, organ, etc, as well as synthetic molecularly imprinted polymers (molecularlyim2priniedpolymer, MIP). Due to the study of DNA or protein molecular recognition technology has developed biochip (DNA Microarrays, protein chip) independent subject areas.
Test substances by diffusion effect into bioactive materials, molecular recognition, the biological response, produce information then is the appropriate physical or chemical transducer into quantifiable and can handle the signal, then the secondary instrument amplification and output, we can know be measured concentration.
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