United States the annual top ten medical technology innovation

Not long ago, in the United States the Cleveland Clinic Foundation organized a "medical innovation Summit 2008", scientists announced the Organization elected top ten medical innovation instruments and treatment technologies.

These innovative projects involving avian influenza vaccine development, hospitals, information management systems, life support systems, and uterine fibroid embolization, heart valve repair and other minimally invasive surgical techniques.

The top ten medical innovation technology are:

1. organ perfusion apparatus.

The instrument can repeat in the human body can be provided so that the heart beating up to 12 hours.

2. diaphragm pacing.

This device is mainly used for spinal cord injury leads to paralysis of the life of the breadth of support, it helps patients to breathe.

3. multi spectral Imaging System.

The imaging system can be used with a standard magnifying glass. With the help of a magnifying glass, researchers can use different colors to a maximum of 4 kinds of protein for dyeing. Then, in 10 to 30 different wavelengths to observe specimens, helping researchers understand the signaling pathways in cancer cells, to develop better targeted therapy.

4. circulating tumor cells detection technology.

Through this technology, the doctor blood tests circulating tumor cells (i.e. from tumor tissue from and into the blood of tumor cells), to be able to make early cancer recurrence, while on the efficacy and patient prognosis, etc.

5. percutaneous mitral regurgitation repair.

This is a minimally invasive treatment technology. The doctor will catheter inserted into the femoral vein from patients, and then sent to the heart of the mitral valve repair Department. For the surgery, the doctor needs to use a device will be fixed, use the heart catheter tip of the PIN-like device in mitral valve repair Central leaf until the blood properly, regurgitation is correct.

6. avian influenza vaccine development.

Since this method uses a simulation of bird virus-like particles, which may make the vaccines have better results.

7.LESS and NOTES of minimally invasive techniques.

LESS, that is, celiac endoscopy of minimally invasive surgery, endoscopic NOTES are used to human natural hole cavity to approach of minimally invasive surgery.

8. diffusion tensor Imaging.

The imaging technology has been God in favor of a surgeon, enabling scientists to non-invasive exploration for a long time under the conditions have not been studied in nerve fibers.

9. Doppler guided of Uterine artery embolization.

This is the treatment of fibroids without innovation.

10. information exchange technology in hospitals.

This technology is the medical institutions to store and manage consumer, health care physicians, specialists, pharmacy, nursing home and insurance information exchange technologies.

New health reform Unlearning charitable marketing routes return to nature

Xinhua Beijing, 6 APR (reporter River Guocheng Zhouting Yu Wang) 6 had been authorized to publish (Xinhua)--the Central Committee of the State Council on the deepening of medical system reform of opinion "reprobate before reform excessive market practice, the commitment to strengthen the Government's basic responsibilities of the health system, increased investment, the maintenance of social equity and justice, towards the establishment of covering urban and rural residents of basic health system, the enjoyment of basic health services.

It took nearly three years, extensive experience of absorbing new health reform roadmap: by 2020, covering urban and rural residents of basic health system, basic building, generally a more comprehensive public health services and medical care system, sound health care system, compared to the standard medicine supply security system, the health sector more scientific management system and operational mechanism to form the plural construction pattern, the enjoyment of basic health services.

In the Chinese leadership concern and support for the roadmap for the Government in the provision of public health and primary health care in a dominant position: public health services, mainly through government funding to the Equalization of urban and rural residents; basic medical services provided by Government, social and individual third party reasonable cost-sharing, and pledged that the Government will gradually increase the investment to resident individuals basic health cost burden of effective mitigation.

The road map provides for 3 years starting this year, China will focus on basic health insurance system, which may change and accelerate the construction of the basic medical insurance system, initially established national essential drugs, and improve primary health care system, the promotion of basic public health services gradually equalization, promote public hospital reform, obvious ease the Chinese people "difficulty and high cost.

January 21, Premier Wen Jiabao, presided over by the State Council Executive meeting decided that the Chinese Government announced that the next three years to implement the above major reform effort 8500 billion.

The target is 3 years for urban workers and residents basic medical insurance and new rural CMS rate increasing to 90 percent. Next year, the Government's urban residents new medical insurance and medical care benefits standards up to 120 per person per year, and the appropriate metadata to improve personal payment standards, increase the reimbursement rate and payment limits.

To promote safe medication, check pricing, China will initially established national essential drugs regime, the essential medicines into Medicare drug reimbursement directory.

At the same time, in order to facilitate people to seek medical treatment, China will be spent improving primary health care system, focusing on strengthening County Hospital (hospital), Township, village clinics in remote areas and difficult parts of building in urban community health service centers.

Jun, Chinese Vice Minister of finance said that the last year, China financial arrangements to health spending $ 2499, 6 years, an average annual increase of 24 per cent.

This year, only the Central Government budget for health care spending will increase 38.2 per cent. In future, all levels will further increase investment, so that residents basic health burden significantly reduced.

State Department deepening medical system reform inter-ministerial coordination Working Group Office Director John Woo is said that the new reform roadmap requires strengthening government institutions, planning, financing, service, regulatory and other responsibilities, the maintenance of public health, promote fair.

At the same time, the requirements for improved medical treatment on the level and quality of service, meet the multi-level needs, so that all share the reform and development outcomes.

Peking University Professor Li Ling believes that the basic health system as a public offer to all products, which in Chinese history is the first time.

This means that basic health services as public goods become part of people's fundamental rights.

Who Representative Office officials, Sarah · Alba Park view, China medical reform roadmap focus for all Chinese equitable provision of basic health services, is worthy of praise.

Roadmap to public health, rural health, essential medicines and basic health care facilities as the focus. Substantially increase its investment in these areas, will pave the way for achieving these goals.

The early 1980s, China has chosen the marketing, commercialization oriented health services mode.

Due to the lack of government investment, rising drug costs, medical resource too quickly to big cities and large hospitals, primary health care sector the scarcity of resources, technology is weak, the "costlier" become distressed urban and rural residents of social problems.

Since the beginning of 2006, China officially launches new health reform.

For brainstorming, improve health reform programme of the scientific and operational decision making. In 2007, the Chinese Government delegate to the World Health Organization, World Bank, and other research institutions in China medical reform proposed overall approach and framework design. In 2008, China, based on community opinion on a draft of the new health reform programme made a number of changes to 190.

De successfully developed rapid diagnostic tests in vitro micro lab

As far as Germany Fraunhofer Institute website reported that recently, the Institute scientists successfully developed a set of miniature laboratory systems, in the field of complex biological tests, and get within 30 minutes.

The system is expected in the near future on the market.

With the development of medical technology, many of the disease has been confirmed by laboratory tests.

However, patients had to face the reality, that is, from the samples sent to the laboratory, to the analysis of results to return to the doctor's hands, you will need to wait a long time, sometimes even a few days to a week or two. But for many diseases, rapid diagnosis is critical for successful treatment. However, patients are perhaps in the future in the consulting room, waiting for a very short time you can get the test results. It benefited from the Fraunhofer Institute for the study of seven staff work together in a project, they are in vitro diagnostic developed a micro-modular platforms, such as blood and saliva samples of different creatures, the doctor can directly in the consulting room for quick testing.

This miniature laboratory's core part is a with a different sensor matching disposable plastic test cartridge.

Examination, the doctor into the appropriate reagent, reagent contains some material that can be confirmed if the samples contain the corresponding Antigen. For different problems, testing platforms offer different testing methods. Perform the examination, the doctor will inject the appropriate sample material test cartridge, the test will automatically. Researchers say they have already optimized the testing process, a separate analysis steps in as many as 500 parallel detection reactions. Therefore, even sophisticated analysis, the doctor will soon receive laboratory results.

As a result of the in vitro diagnostic platform modular design principle is very flexible, researchers believe that it is applicable in nearly all biological problems.

In the future, by developing a new module, you may be able to achieve the samples in the detection of DNA level. Remove the medical market, the platform may also apply to food analysis or doping control, etc.

MN101EF32D MCU based electronic sphygmomanometer design

Introduction

Blood pressure is a very important health indicators, blood pressure measurement of the accuracy or otherwise directly related to people's health.

Countries the sphygmomanometer classified as compulsory examination and measurement instruments. General Hospital using mercury sphygmomanometer method based on artificial korotkoff sound, this approach has some inherent disadvantages: first is deflated speed have a direct impact on the readings, the international standard on gas speed for 3 ~ 5mmHg per second, while a different doctor placed there fast with slow gas would have an impact on measurement accuracy; second, this approach to human vision, hearing, and the degree of coordination as a main basis, it is difficult to standardize. To this end, the design from the detection of blood pressure, use ribensongxiagongsi high-speed, low-power single-chip, as MN101EF32D sphygmomanometers, control, data read/write, data, display of core, can be accurately use oscillometric (oscillation) measurement of blood pressure.

Working principle

Oscillometric (oscillation) is based on the cuff in decompression process, its pressure oscillation amplitude of wave envelope to determine the changes of blood pressure.

Now compare consensus is when cuff pressure oscillation amplitude of the wave maximum, cuff pressure is the arterial pressure on average. Artery of systolic blood pressure corresponds to amplitude envelope of the first corner, diastolic blood pressure corresponds to the envelope of a second ahead of the curve.

Hardware design

System basic works as shown in Figure 1.

Pressure sensor output voltage signal first lowpass filter, and then by the amplifier circuit will signal to the input signal for SCM, the last analog signal after MN101EF32D of sampling into digital single chip. Procedure for acquisition of data analysis, digital filtering calculated after the blood pressure of the two key indicators of the diastolic pressure "and" systolic blood pressure ", after the MCU to store the data to an external storage, and these important data displayed on the LCD.

Sensor and its peripheral circuit design

The use of sensors for sphygmomanometer MPS-3100-006G Piezoresistive pressure sensors, is made up of four equivalent resistance-bridge consisting of Hui, its output voltage and input pressure proportional, ideally when pressure input resistance values follow change, but in fact the temperature change can also affect the results of its output resistance value.

In addition, because Crystal and circuit design error, coupled with the packaging process, impact, zero offset is zero. It must be applied to individual components of temperature compensation circuit calibration. Its important indicators are as follows:

A determination of the scope: sensor 5.8 ~ 15 PSIG

B, operation temperature range:-40 ~ 85 ° c

C, driving current: 1.5 ~ 3mA

D, driving voltage: 5 ~ 15V

E, zero drift: 25 ~ 25mV

F, resistance temperature coefficient: 0.2%/¡æ

Because blood pressure signal is taken from the arm, measurement of signal vulnerable cuff's location, the arm to move the interference.

According to these professional features, request system with a high input impedance, high gain, high common-mode rejection ratio, low noise, low drift, and other features. As shown in Figure 2, figure of T1 is MPS-3100-006G Piezoresistive pressure sensors. The entire circuit first pressure signal is converted to a voltage signal, and then make amplification filtering. Figure U1, U2 LM324 for active operational amplifier, the input impedance is high. Pressure sensor signal amplifier, and adjust the size of the VR1 to changing operational amplifier-loop gain to regulation in order to adapt to the A/D input voltage range. U1 amplifier circuit used to measure the pressure in the cuff, measurement data to analysis and control for MCU on cuff inflated and deflated. Plus U2 amplifier circuit are separated through C11 capacitance direct AC signal amplification, this loop measurement is human pulse wave. Two loop collection data form the various indicators of important sphygmomanometer calculation parameters.

MN101EF32D properties

MN101EF32D is Matsushita (Panasonic) launched in early 2008, MN101Exx series 8-bit microcontroller peripheral compound a multifunctional, flexible and optimized hardware structure, simple and efficient instruction system, the full realization of economical efficiency and high-speed.

MN101E32D type microcontroller, built-in Flash and RAM 64KB 4KB, with six external interrupt, 20 internal interrupt (NMI), nine timer counter, 3 x serial interface, 8-channel A/D converters, 32 x 4 LCD drive, watchdog timer, single system of data transmission function, automatically synchronizing the output function and the buzzer output and peripheral functions.

Minimum instruction execution time can be up to 64 50ns, encapsulation. pin LQFP This functionality using MN101EF32D sphygmomanometer is as follows:

A and 10-bit A/D sampling for static pressure and the pulse wave measurement.

B, LCD controller, direct drive 23 * 4 LCD monitor, display measurement process and results.

C, timer for scheduled A/D sampling data and calculate auto power off time.

D, using digital signal processing technology on A/D sampling of signal processing, mainly for digital low-pass filter and related calculations.

E, power open hardware control, power off using the control's methods, the shutdown occurs apart from voltage module, chip powered power consumption is very low.

F, measurement can choose mmHg and Kpa as the primary display, measuring accuracy is high, reaching static 1mmHg, dynamic 3mmHg measuring accuracy.

As a result of using ferroelectric memory as storage media, data protectionSave time is very long.

MN101EF32D and external serial fram hardware connection

In the choose the external storage, due to the long term, taking into account the need to repeatedly erase, write the settings work parameters and measured with important information, and save a lot of historical data, you must use the larger SRAM to write as many data information and ensure that the data is not lost after loss.

Because of the design process itself EEPROM. Life limited and write longer, therefore is not ideal for battery-powered systems. Sphygmomanometer need to save data design for systolic blood pressure (2 bytes), diastolic pressure (2 bytes), average pressure (2 bytes), pulse (2 bytes), each record of the time (5 bytes), and so on, each measure 13 bytes needed to store the data. Hypothesis 4 times a day, the need for measuring 13 × 4 = 52 bytes, sphygmomanometer to save seven days of data you need, choose 364 bytes "fram" 24cL04. When you open used sphygmomanometer, MCU in its PA0 port analog out IIC bus SCL and input to the external memory 24cL04 SCL pin, PA1 port and the SDA 24cL04 mouth for data exchange, data will be useful to appear on the LCD. Power processing module and its associated circuit set

This selection 2 section 7 sphygmomanometer, battery as the power input.

In order to achieve a better quality of power supply, in this circuit has chosen the DC/DC boost chip RN5RK331A, 2-line no. 7 1.5 volt battery voltage of 3V rises to around 3.3V, supply system simulation circuit power, but also as a digital circuit is power supply MCU (as shown in Figure 3). Considering the air pump, valve if and analog circuit, digital circuit directly to share power, would introduce greater interference, thereby affecting pressure sensor, amplifier and MCU to work properly, so designed to pump, valve and other devices connected together, directly by the battery.

In addition, an important collection of blood through the amplifier magnified cuff pressure and straight after the pulse wave, because they are small signal amplification, so after A/D conversion of design is also very important.

The system adopts intelligent automatic blood pressure measurement, inflatable, in Buck's process measurement. Due to work pressure valve, power supply is wave, if you are using the system directly to as A/D reference voltage reference, will bring to measurement error. Adoption of National Semiconductor's LM385 as A/D conversion voltage reference connected to the chip's VREF + pin, to ensure that the collection of accurate data conversion.

LCD display module design

As in Figure 4, 5, in order to enable users to more easily, simply by using this system, a LCD display.

Panasonic's MN101EF32D chip built-in LCD driver module, you can direct drive LCD.

To initialize the LCD mode control register 1 (LCDMD), it is an 8-bit registers, used to specify the LCD clock, LCD display ON/OFF, display the duty cycle.

System software design

Software key processes are as follows:

Power-on, the first complete system initialization.

Microcontroller power supply to pump start, allowing rapid inflatable cuff to users about 30mmHg systolic blood pressure above. After the SCM through 1 D started A/road acquisition cuff pressure and cuff pressure drop in speed to control exhaust vent, the cuff band uniform buck (3 ~/s 5mmHg). At the same time, 1-channel A/D start acquisition after every other straight pulse wave. When the amplitude of the pulse wave maximum cuff pressure is the arterial pressure on average. Artery of systolic blood pressure corresponds to amplitude envelope of the first corner, diastolic blood pressure corresponds to the envelope of a second ahead of the curve.

Software major subdivided into the following three major modules:

A) uniform pressure control module

Although valve automatic slow deflated, but in order to enable the rapid inflatable cuff to users about systolic blood pressure above 30mmHg after uniform buck (3 ~ 5mmHg/s), but you cannot use the normal method, because the entire measurement process is vulnerable to external shocks, such as human vibration cuff, trachea of the vibration, the body movement, etc., and tracheal rigidity degree also affects the cuff pressure changes within the Dim.

So the cuff pressure reduction in speed and frequency of the valve switches to a non-linear relationship.

This design uses a PID algorithm to control valve switches to ensure that the cuff to 3 ~ 5mmHg/s speed uniform buck.

By SCM's processing speed and RAM resource limitations, it does not use floating point arithmetic, and all parameters all integer, then divide by 2N (equivalent to shift), made a similar point arithmetic, can greatly improve the speed. Final assignment for the timer to control valve opening time, thus ensuring a constant pressure of speed.

In PID algorithm in three basic parameters of the Kp, Ki, setting and adjustment of Kd is to compare the hard part, in accordance with the principle of these parameters, adjusting method as follows:

1, pressure will soon drop to the target value, but the pressure drop of too much:

A) scaling factors too big;

B) too small differential coefficient;

2. pressure drop to the target value:

A) scaling factors too small;

B) integral coefficients too small;

3, basically can control on the target, but the upper and lower deviation of the larger and frequent fluctuations

a

) Differential coefficient is too small;

B) integral coefficients too large;

2) signal processing module

Ben sphygmomanometers signal 2 road, MPS-3100-006G pressure sensor signal first for treatment of low-pass filtering, excluded due to outside interference caused by signal reading after amplification of the error, as sending AD1; static pressure at direct after zoom sent again as AD2, pulse wave signal.

Since the A/D MN101EF32D 10 bits, so the maximum precision of up to 1/1024. In order to maximize the use of A/D conversion of sampling speed, use interrupt for A/D converted data processing. When A/D conversion completion interrupt program, anti pulse interference moving average method to implement a simple and effective digital filtering, enable measurements more accurate. Specific practices in a scheduled interruption successive 5 times within A/D conversion, removes the maximum and minimum values, the remaining 3 data for the arithmetic mean, the arithmetic mean as the a/d conversion result.

3) calculation of blood pressure modules

Cuff pressure and the pulse wave by signal processing module and then conclude that as shown in Figure 6.

The diagram below for users of pulse wave, above the sphygmomanometer boost and pressure drop in pressure in the cuff. On this basis, analysis signal for systolic, diastolic pressure, average pressure and heart rate calculation. SCM in the measurement process is stored each pulse wave peak, and each pulse interval time.

Systolic pressure criterion to determine the maximum amplitude method, i.e. deflated during pulse wave amplitude envelope rise above, when a pulse wave amplitude Ui and most significant Um (average pressure) than just greater than Ks, you think at this point the corresponding gas pressure for systolic blood pressure cuff.

Ps=P/Ui=Ks*Um

Diastolic pressure criterion determining also use maximum amplitude method to decide, but is in pulse wave amplitude envelope decreases, when a pulse wave amplitude Ui and most significant Um (average pressure) of just less than Kd, it believed that at this point the corresponding gas sleeve pressure is diastolic pressure.

Pd=P/Ui=Kd*Um

First experience parameter Ks = 0.54 and Kd = 0.72, tested for correction.

Heart rate is the pulse wave cycle, also to arithmetic mean.

Conclusions of the

MN101EF32D MCU based sphygmomanometer, takes full advantage of the chip itself, the circuit is simple, low power consumption, power requirements of a single, high precision and practicality, and other characteristics, have broad market prospects.

ARM9-based heart defibrillation simulation system design (1)

With the development of the society, people's health consciousness more and more strong, so the doctor training has become a very important link.

Cardiac defibrillation technology as one of the main medical training, if the operations specification, skilled, often at the last minute can save lives in times of crisis, in training, if able to realistically simulate emergency defibrillation scenarios, would be a good learning experience. Therefore, first aid, invasive clinical operations training, medical simulation teaching increasingly shown its low cost, high repeatability, teaching high efficiency and meet the ethical requirements.

Defibrillation simulation system can choose 34 State (including adult and children two categories) or medical monitor, defibrillator simulate more realistic.

The trainees can perform different energy defibrillator training, at the same time, this also makes it easy for teachers to test students ' learning results.

The system is based on the principle of the ECG and patient monitors signal synthesis theory developed in strict accordance with the relevant provisions of the medical, the resulting wave reached the purpose of medical teaching.

In the relevant disease ECG's key point reaches more realistic effect, when the system receives a high voltage defibrillation signal, depending on the system of advance settings, to wave converter. The system can be used in medical training institutions for training tools to enable students to quickly master cardiac defibrillation. The system simulation with first aid, monitor, have broad market prospects.

This article describes the heart defibrillation simulation system is the core for the control of ARM9, take full advantage of ARM9 rich i/o resources and powerful processing capabilities.

It uses the embedded development programme, and considering the system's versatility and usability, system output signal amplitude 0 ~ 5 mV continuously output room, supraventricular premature models, etc., can also produce a cycle of 1 s, ms pulse width is 100, the mV ranges 1 square. Easy to calibrate the monitor, the signal is a three-lead synchronization signal output.

1 system architecture and design

The system mainly includes the ARM9 central processing units, high voltage defibrillation signal acquisition module, D/A conversion modules, and monitor signal matching module and ECG waveform simulation and data extraction, application design, etc.

This system uses the ARM9 embedded development platforms, the following is the main structure of ARM9 processor and its features.

(1) 32 b fixed-point RISC processor, improved ARM/Thumb code weaving, multiplier, enhanced support for real-time (real-TIme) debugging;

(2) on-chip SRAM, instruction and data and instructions and data storage capacity adjustable;

(3) chip instructions and data, high-speed buffers (Cache) capacities from 4 KB ~ l MB:

(4) set protection unit (Protoction Unit), very suitable for embedded applications in memory to be fragmented and protection;

(5) the introduction of AMBA AHB bus interface for peripherals provide a unified address and data bus;

(6) support for external coprocessor instructions and data bus with a simple handshake signalling support;

(7) support standard basic logical unit scan test method;

(8) support BIST (Built-in-self-test);

(9) supports the embedded tracking macros, modules, support provides real-time tracking of instructions and data.

Simulation of cardiac defibrillation system overall design scheme, as shown in Figure 1.

2 system hardware design

This part is mainly divided into ARM9 hardware platform, D/A conversion, filtering circuit, high-voltage defibrillation signal acquisition, its system hardware connection diagram shown in Figure 2.

System under the control of the ARM9, D/A conversion to waveform data converted to analog output. When receiving a high voltage acquisition signal, the processor will convert the output of another ECG waveform diagram.

2.1 D/A conversion and resistance attenuation networks

This section is the core of the system, to ensure the system's stability and ECG signals, D/A conversion chips using 8-bit parallel DAC0832 chip, 12-V single supply, each DAC with separate reference inputs, data provided by the ARM9 to transform the output part adopts 4-order Butterworth filter, the output waveform with decay after the ECG, the filter after the output waveform peak up to 10 V, through the resistor divider network get 0 ~ 5 mV voltage output ranges.

Considering that to adopt the triple D/A, if each one exclusive 8 I/O ports, plus a number of control port, processor provides i/o port number distant do not meet the requirements, so plan to adopt common data ports, external I/O port films selected to implement, so you can save 16 I/O port, also meets the requirements of the signal output synchronism.

2.2 high voltage signal circuit design

The partial acquisition defibrillator on high-voltage discharge signals, due to the high-voltage defibrillation signals have discharge current with bi-directional, and discharge time only 4 ms, transient voltage up to 3 000 V, security property to be fully taken into account.

The circuit shown in Figure 3.

Wisdom of medical analysis of IBM medical information sharing technology

12 March, IBM announced that it will create a set of Guangdong provincial hospital new medical information sharing and analysis system, traditional Chinese and modern Western medicine.

The CHAS (medical and health records, analysis and sharing) system is designed to help achieve clinical data included and Western electronic medical record information sharing.

Because of the medicine in theory, diagnosis and treatment on a big difference, IBM has overcome the many technical challenges to help in the various departments of the hospital yuanbu and complex medical data between integration and information sharing.

The core of this solution is based on standardized clinical information model, it can in the various departments of the hospital between efficient information sharing, and eventually also with the hospital outside other medical institutions for information sharing.

CHAS by clinical Chinese and Western all kinds of information integration into a standardized, computable model, making it possible to use advanced data analysis techniques, thus contributing to the medical staff provides a method that can be tailored to specific diseases and patients, have gained a deeper understanding of the different methods according to traditional Chinese and Western medical plan and technology which is optimal.

Ultimately, the integration of information also helps medical personnel for the development of fusion of Western treatment plan.

CHAS is IBM's latest innovations, help in the world for more intelligent, interconnect, based on open standards of the medical information system.

IBM in the United States to Institute scientists in close collaboration with the design and implementation of the system, the system incorporates IBM advanced semantic technologies. This semantic technology can cause the system to understand and analyze specific clinical records the exact meaning of the content, CHAS also can handle different kinds of language used, the medical records of all information, regardless of format, terminology, or language that can be processed into a standardized documentation. This will allow hospitals, end and hospital external medical institutions information sharing easier.

China National Ministry of health select Guangdong provincial hospital as national key Chinese medical and scientific bases.

Founded in 1933 by Guangdong provincial hospital in Western medicine is recognized as a leader, is a blend of medical services, scientific research and teaching as one of the institutions. As southern China's largest hospitals, medical patients every day for more than 1 million people, approximately 400 000 patients admitted.

Guangdong provincial hospital, Mr. Lu Yu said: "our hospitals have long-term tradition of excellence, not only in medical side, in terms of scientific research and teaching.

We are committed to maintaining high standards, IBM CHAS technology help us do this, while IBM clinical information integration technology helps hospital information system from the non-convergence of applications into a consolidated, patient-centric system. ”

Throughout Guangdong provincial hospital system, CHAS: patient-centered health information management and sharing system, provides an open, standards-based, interoperable electronic medical record solution; contribute to the standardization of medical records, greatly facilitate medical analysis, medical research and clinical quality control to provide data base; can help implement a cross-sectoral and cross-regional medical patient record sharing between agencies, improving the efficiency of medical services; for medical information industry achieve internationally recognized standards reduce technical threshold.

IBM greater China Group Chief Technology Officer and head of IBM China research lab, Dr. Li Shi Gong said: "in the digital age, the individual hospital found that manage and share information is becoming more and more difficult, simply because more than ever, generated more data.

We create and implement these innovative technologies that will make medical systems smarter, more efficient, more accessible and more affordable. ”

Since CHAS is built on open, internationally accepted standards of technology, this system is also able to expand the use of electronic medical records, supporting clinical information in depth analysis, helps to promote global health sector at the forefront of research and innovation.

In late 2007, IBM announced its cooperation with the Chinese Ministry of health, through a system based on open standards and information sharing technology platform, enhancing regional medical services quality.

China hopes to promote in all hospital electronic medical records and medical data analysis, to alleviate the burden on patients, decide who should receive priority treatment and more efficient use of resources. For example, the daily inspection and easy treatment available in community hospitals, while more complex health problems and treatment may be recommended to see a specialist. CHAS would also help to support and promote the implementation of the plan, and has the potential to push the country's medical system reform forward.

The State Council has recently adopted a national health care reform programmes, including the 2011 will spend $ 8500, on all Chinese people provide general medical services.

In the United States has had a similar plan, the Obama administration plan in 5 years on medical information technology investment of us $ 20 billion, for national computerization of medical records.

IBM through scientific research and cooperation with the medical institutions to improve the medical records, dating back to the 1950s.

In the last 10 years, IBM and the United States together with the University of Pennsylvania has developed a nationwide digital breast x-rays archives system; and Mayo hospital jointly developed clinical trial participants system; and Scripps cooperative research influenza virus is how variability and proactively develop treatment method; and European universities to develop better treatment for AIDS; create a "world community grid", cancer, AIDS, dengue fever and other diseases.

Our arrangements billion earmarked funds, prevention and control of influenza a (H1N1)

Recently, Premier Wen Jiabao hosted a State Council Executive meeting to hear the previous phase of the influenza a H1N1 influenza prevention and control research and reporting further control measures.

The Conference notes that current, prevention of influenza a (H1N1) outbreak in a crucial stage.

Outside the outbreak has developed into more than 20 countries and regions, China must maintain vigilance should never be taken lightly.

Session, to further improving the ten key areas of work: (a) continue to strengthen the entry-exit inspection and quarantine.

This outbreak occurred outside the current priority is to tighten immigration and quarantine. To come from the epidemic countries and regions of the immigration officer strict medical investigation and tracking medical investigations, from the area of transport and goods implemented strict disinfection, quarantine, the various measures do fine do it, there can be no omissions. (Ii) to strengthen surveillance work. Strictly implement outbreak zero reporting system, discover the epidemic must be timely and accurate reporting, and will never allow huanbao, hidden and false negatives. (C) preparations for medical treatment. Everywhere you want to specify the specialized treatment hospital, to ensure that once you find patients, can prompt isolation, examination, diagnosis and treatment. (4) making emergency materials production and reserves. To organize and quarantine inspection equipment, protective vaccination supplies, effective anti-retroviral drugs and treatment apparatus, material production and reserves, in case you need it. (5) active control technology of scientific research. To focus and accelerate the influenza a H1N1 Influenza Pathogenesis, monitoring technologies, vaccines, clinical management, effective antiviral drug research, and strive to achieve new results as soon as possible. To play in traditional Chinese medicine in prevention work. (6) with the relevant national and international organizations to actively collaborate with, the establishment of mechanisms, conducts scientific research, prevention and control techniques, information exchange, cooperation, is in need of countries and regions provide financial, material and technical support. (VII) improving swine and poultry and other animal influenza surveillance and control. On swine and poultry farming in concentrated areas and farms, slaughterhouses, trading markets, and to focus on animal influenza epidemic monitoring and surveys, strict quarantine supervision. (8) in order to safeguard the prevention and control, the central financial arrangements billion earmarked funds. Local levels, the financial allocation of funds to. (IX) promote education and information to the public. Strengthening disease knowledge popularization, let the masses learn about influenza a (H1N1) is to prevent, controllable, treatable, timely perplexities for masses. To establish a strict information public release system, the first time in a timely and accurate manner to publish the latest information at home and abroad to enhance the transparency of the prevention and control, correct guide social media. (10) in patriotic health campaign to promote physical fitness, enhance national physical fitness and good health habits.

Carbon and oxygen Masimo on pulse oximetry new era

7 April, the Vatican's industrial co., Ltd. Shanghai organized about Masimo Radical-7 pulse, carbon and oxygen oxygen measuring user experience Conference.

At the Shanghai major hospitals in clinical studies, first aid, Anesthesiology 100 's together, on the "pulse of the hemoglobin monitoring and variation index monitoring progress" in conducting a heated discussion, Zhongshan hospital Anesthesiology Xue Zhang gang Professor, chaired the meeting.

From masimo Corporation of Angela, also at the meeting and introduce the masimo Corporation products and ideas, she said with more than 200 patents masimo Corporation has focused on human health.

Masimo Radical-7 pulse, carbon and oxygen oxygen measuring instrument is the world's first use of Masimo Rainbow SET technology-bedside monitor. Masimo Rainbow SET to launch in the United States in 2005, is the world's first and only FDA approved at the non-invasive continuous monitoring of carboxyhemoglobin (SpCO), iron and hemoglobin (SpMet), oximetry (SpO2), blood perfusion index (Perfusion Index) and pulse rate technology. For non-invasive measurement SpCO and SpMet provides unprecedented tool.

Ruijin hospital emergency Department of Professor Lu Ming, first of all to "blood hemoglobin and continuous monitoring in first aid and ICU of" as its theme for a special report.

Lu Professor shared trauma, and the accurate measurement of the oxygen balance and hemoglobin changes value is ideal for detecting trauma patients. He expressed the pulse oximetry monitoring of carbon and oxygen requires non-invasive, continuous, real-time, and Masimo Radical-7 enables non-invasive is, continuous, real-time these three standards. Masimo Corporation in 2007, the first episode of the Pleth variation index (PVI), in 2008 the first total hemoglobin (SpHb), Professor Lu, PVI fluid management in reducing postoperative risks, improve the prognosis, reduce heart lung complications and promote wound healing has considerable value. He also affirmed the value of the PVI, PVI is ideal for non-invasive monitoring tools, can be widely used in first aid, operating room and ICU. PVI could help doctors to optimize fluid management and improve treatment outcomes.

First people's Hospital, Professor of Anesthesiology foot pass and shared "hemoglobin monitoring and rational use of blood," he said to experience loss of treatment goals: maintaining circulation capacity; keep the oxygen carrying capacity; restoration of blood coagulation and inner environment.

Professor Li focused major surgery before and after serious patients hemoglobin monitoring, he thought the first Masimo Corporation in 2008 the total hemoglobin (SpHb) non-invasive monitoring as disease with severe illness estimated prognosis indicators, to strengthen major surgery with severe illness of control is of great significance.

Ruijin hospital anesthetic, Professor, Director of the cloth is made a summary of the workshop, he hoped that the various departments of the chief physician is not satisfied with the status quo, active learning of new technologies and new equipment.

Should have the courage to innovate, in medical posts a line on its own.

Based on ARM core of single realization of ECG testing module

As the clinical application of the electrocardiogram and the development of electronic technology, ECG as biomedical measurement in a more mature, more extensive technical, has gradually become a general clinical examination, and heart disease diagnosis, care, and pharmacology of played a very important role.

Current common ECG detection circuit for dual supply, this scenario requires a lot of power devices and large route, which will increase the cost of the product. This paper presents the design uses single supply, you can resolve these problems, and reduce product costs, while the design is also based on ARM core embedded system using a simple and practical algorithms that can quickly and accurately locate QRS complex wave (that is, man's heart rate). The design for the home user, small size, just need a personal computer connected to real-time operation and observation of the ECG.

ECG signal acquisition system's basic structure as shown in Figure 1.

The body of the ECG electrodes and dedicated lead wire from the human body sent to the system. By filtering and amplifying weak regulation circuit, ECG signal is amplified to a suitable value, and in A/D conversion.

Figure 1: ECG signal acquisition system infrastructure.

System control and data processing by ADI ARM7 TDMI kernel based MCU ADuC7020.

This chip has a wealth of on-chip peripheral circuits, processing speeds up 40MIPS, A/D conversion rate of up to 1MSPS, with very high performance-price ratio. Final results from the UART port ADuC7020 through to the computer, the computer through an interface by LabVIEW to write the results visually displayed or stored. Figure 2 is the basic hardware circuit diagrams.

Figure 2: basic hardware circuits.

From the human body or ECG signal generator on acquisition to the ECG signal amplitude between the 0.05 ~ 5mV (normally 2mV), frequency between the 0.05Hz ~ 75Hz.

ECG to buffered, matching resistor network, voltage amplifier and filter circuit, and several levels.

ECG first after a two-level RC low pass filter, into the buffer level.

Signal before entering the system, you need to get rid of high frequency components, so here's a cutoff frequency for 300Hz's low pass filter, to ensure 0.05 ~ 75Hz faint ECG not decay. Buffering level consists of a voltage follower components, which can enhance the entire amplifier input impedance, lower output impedance. In order to guarantee the consistency of the differential signal, should use integrated on the chip of the amplifier. Matched resistor networks typically use Wilson power Center side network that uses a specific electrical resistance network access Wilson Center side as the entire ECG system of reference point.

Filter amplifier with front-stage amplifier with differential negative feedback, use the ADI adjustable gain high common-mode rejection ratio of instrumentation amplifier AD8221 as front-stage amplifier.

The magnification is set to 8 times, by the formula k G = 49.4 Ω/R G + 1 calculated that RG is AD8221 two RG pin resistance value between.

The resistor should adopt high accuracy, low drift of metal film resistors, to ensure low noise performance AD8221.

AD8221 ref no grounding pin, which is a low-pass filter and constitute a negative feedback loop, so that we can effectively filter out the DC component, so that the voltage U1 Department are always clamped in 1.25V. Because it is a single supply, and different-lead ECG signal voltage there is a negative, so be sure to provide a suitable clamping voltage. ADuC7020 ad conversion mode voltage input range is 0-2.5V, here select intermediate values 1.25V as clamp voltage.

AD8221 output of single-ended signal amplitude is very small, mixed with a large number of interference for data processing.

After the class filter amplifier gain from a larger Active lowpass, adjustable gain. Different people is not the same as ECG signal strength, taking into account the attenuation, the gain is set to 150 times. System's transfer function is:

The two low-pass filter requires a low voltage offset, low temperature drift and low-noise characteristics, ADI's rail-to-rail input output dual operational amplifier AD8607 well meet these requirements.

As a result of the second level amplifier is RP-input, so the resulting signal is inverted, that can be made in the software.

From protecting patients and improve the system in terms of common-mode rejection ratio, common-mode signal must be reversed and zoom, and then back to the human body, so that the system and the body will comprise a voltage shunt negative feedback network, commonly referred to as the right leg drive circuit.

By ADuC7020 on the ECG for AD conversion, select the timer control in the ADC sampling mode. Once A/D conversion end interrupt trigger ADC, the interrupt service program on digital signal processing.

Handle the ECG signal lies on the ECG in the QRS complex wave of precise identification.

Normal QRS complex of width 0.06 to 0.10 seconds, and is not controlled by rhythm changes. For R-wave is very sharp features, we passed a sliding window determine signal peak and Valley meets the requirements, while acknowledging its whether time window. The signal amplitude threshold thresholding using double variable, which is set on a wave crest and trough threshold. If the peaks and valleys threshold in a reasonable time has a larger change, reset Peak threshold and Valley threshold. Here we will use the QRS complex wave positioning and arrhythmia calculation. On the start time of the signal only for RP and filter processing, this is to be inverted to recover of ECG andAvoid signal early fluctuations threshold. And then in a certain period of time, according to the sample data set Peak threshold Thpeak and Valley threshold THtrough and QRS positioning. Finally, follow the steps below (see Figure 3) for data processing.

Figure 3: the basic steps for data processing.

Read new sampling point Ni:

1) judgment sampling point of signal amplitude value is greater than Peak threshold Thpeak.

If not, go back to step 1).

2) If a condition is satisfied, the start count n = 1, and record the n value is peaktime1.

The time window starting side slip here.

3) continue to sample Ni + 1 per sampling time then n + 1.

4) judging new sampling point Ni + 1 is less than Valley threshold.

If not, go back to step 4).

5) if the sampling point is less than the threshold Thtrough, the Valley of the point of the n value is troughtime1.

6 judge both meet the amplitude of the signal point requirements at all times the difference between peaktime1 troughtime1 and whether a time window, which is less than the window width THtime.

If not less than THtime, return to step 1).

7) If true, then the signal is considered a QRS complex.

Peaktime1 is positioned as one of the R wave.

The position of the R wave, on the basis of statistical heart rate by following these steps: 1) to locate the first R-wave, and record the n value is peaktime1; 2) found the second R wave, and record the n value is peaktime2; 3) in accordance with the following formula to calculate the rhythm.

Practice has proved that with this algorithm the calculated rhythm accuracy is high, the calculation is simple, easy to implement, and eventually on PC observed ECG waveform and rhythm values.

Perspective of the ABCD IV medical device, look for the electronic technology for maximum value-

Electronic technology's contribution to medical science is obvious to all, who can envision the physician doctor without the aid of medical electronic devices is what status? e technology, extended or save human life for electronic engineer sense soar; at the same time, be able to make use of the medical industry is increasingly weak profits of electronic products to inject more added value is also extreme concern to manufacturers '.

Due to human security will have a direct or indirect impact on medical device product classification is set, the global coordination of the working group to develop a world wide standard medical equipment is divided into the following A, B, C, D grade: 4

A-level refers to when a failure occurs, the harm to the human body produces very low product, such as x-rays, scalpel, tweezers, stainless steel small appliances, and surgical non-woven cotton wool, gauze, medical, and surgical knife lighting equipment, special apparatus and Stomatology surgery microscope, home first aid bandage;

B level means less harmful products such as blood analyzers, x-ray diagnostic equipment, medical CT, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electronic thermometer, electronic sphygmomanometer, electronic stethoscope, electromagnetic blood flow, heart rate monitor, ECG, EEG, EMG, vital capacity meter, electronic lung capacity meter, Oximeter, endoscopy, Capsule Endoscope, blood cell counter, oxygen, low-frequency infrared treatment instrument, medical equipment, microwave treatment instrument, ultrasonic therapy equipment, home electronic Massager, hearing aids, etc.;

C is more risky products, such as continuous blood glucose meter, dialyzer, artificial heart lung machine blood pumps, ventilators, implanted hearing aids, heart defibrillator, extracorporeal cardiac pacemaker, infusion pumps, selves testing glucose meter, etc.

D is the implantable cardiac pacemaker, implantable defibrillators, implantable syringe, implantable aided artificial heart system high risk products.

In this four-level, B, C, D-level needs to be involved in electronic technology, and obviously, the higher the risk level of the product on electronic technology requirements are higher, appropriate, and constantly update the breakthrough of electronic technology to drive the few areas of innovation.

Higher accuracy, smaller medical imaging

A combination of optical, electronic, biomedical technologies, Biomedical Optics in B-class medical-grade equipment is very wide, and covers the optical treatment, medical imaging and Bio-sensing, main applications include clinical lesion of early diagnosis and monitoring, or light guide, inspire-related diseases.

It is estimated that sales of related products for the year 2010 is expected to achieve global 598 billion, accounting for 22% of medical equipment.

From a specific product, from the x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Masako tomography Imaging (PET), CT, ultrasound, radiotherapy, Photodynamic therapy, physiological signal monitoring, in vitro diagnostic and biochips are included in the areas of bio-medical electronics.

The application of the previous types of imaging technology is the overall medical technology market share of the largest areas of development is more mature and competitive, as market demand gap, not only renowned international manufacturers and local manufacturers competition is quite intense, more manufacturers are constantly trying to enters that area.

Continuously improve the resolution and continuously reduce the volume of the device is a medical imaging two major trends in the field of the new system-on-demand means that the analog semiconductor manufacturers have developed ground-breaking Foundation IC, active semiconductor manufacturers to introduce their products, such as TI for ultrasonic imaging applications AFE58XX analog front end series, ADI for CT applications by Xilinx and Altera ADAS1128, etc for high-resolution image processing and high performance data analysis of FPGA, Austria microelectronics for DR and CT applications of high precision amplifier and sensors.

In addition to using optical imaging technology, innovation can be ingested by endoscopy (also known as capsule endoscopy) broke the inherent shortcomings of conventional endoscopy, which can effectively be human image back to the outside.

Latest capsule endoscopy to sensors and circuits placed in capsules, when patients swallow the capsule will after in vivo and 360 ° rotation, plus the circuit containing for lighting of the led, can be effective in vivo images back to the external device. But the technology is still in its infancy, the future of universal also need cost and performance improvements.

Science fiction-like legendary implantation techniques

Let the MEMS applications fiery is consumer electronics, medical and diagnostic equipment for MEMS applications provides a larger arena.

More and more applications creativity will MEMS technology and medical perfect together, and thus the benefit of mankind. Than the Ruyi method Semiconductor for Switzerland Sensimed AG designed a MEMS sensor embedded wireless, embedded with a contact lens micro strain gauge continuously over a period of time (usually 24 hours) monitoring the curvature of the eyes, in addition to the lens also embedded antenna, mini specialized processing circuits and sent to the receiver RF transmitter measurement data.

In the application of bio-medical MEMS has also been in actual growth in clinical medicine use sensors and intelligent control technology for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and heart disease, heart of incentives and dredging.

Innovation application including a revolutionary Proteus Biomedical company: implanted electrodes, it can stimulate the heart within different cavity location make them for synchronization or synchronization heart treatment. Its core technology is manufactured using a chip scale package technology, mm level dimensions of MEMS sensor and processor packaging system in the body's internal use, and can be maintained for many years, to avoid the traditional must use more insert catheter to stimulate the heart of different locations.

Implantation techniques like science fiction as legend, belonged to the risk level of C and D class equipment.

The implantation of the product categories for heart disease treatment and next will focus on in the brain, such as electronic nerve stimulation device therapy from drug addiction to epilepsy, Parkinson's disease and depression and other disorders.In fact, at this stage the world about one third of the health problems associated with neural areas. Large Medtronic pacemaker companies have developed for the treatment of Parkinson's and other minor diseases of equipment, and is developing a series of neural implant products.

Dependent on the progress of electronic technology, global medical electronics field are examples of the continuing innovation, future medical and Electronics will more closely, thus creating a stronger, more innovative medical devices.