PSoC capacitive touch sensor technology

Cypress PSoC is determined by the introduction of semiconductor companies have a digital and analog hybrid processing capacity of programmable SOC chips, certain series of PSoC (such as the CY8C21X34 series), due to its interior is equipped with special resources so that it can easily achieve the capacitive touch sensing function, you only need a small amount of several external discrete components that can be a common I/O are configured for capacitive sensing inputs. Capacitive touch sensing principle as shown in Figure 1, the Board of two adjacent copper inherent in the existence of a parasitic capacitance Cp, when the finger (or other conductor) near, fingers and between two pieces of copper and produce new capacitors, these capacitors amounted to a parallel to the original Cp, when we get a piece of copper connect to analog I/O on PSoC, another connection to the ground, you can change by measuring the capacitance to determine the existence of the fingers. We connect to the PSoC on copper called capacitive sensors (Capacitive Sensor), capacitive sensor on the need to cover insulation materials (shell). By internal build circuit PSoC with built-in 8-bit processor program to control the operation of the circuit, you can attach a capacitance change into count value change, which in turn translates into key actions needed switch quantity.

PSoC internal several pre-designed capacitance sensing user module, the user module can be viewed as hardware configuration and software libraries (API) set, users need to do is in the PSoC development environment (PSoC designer) user module configuration to a digital/analog array, the development environment automatically generates hardware registers configuration and library functions, and the rest of the work is some user module parameter adjustments, and the application code is written.

The entire development process is very intuitive and smooth for embedded system development engineers, will soon be handy.

Capacitive-sensing technology for industrial design provides new ideas with capacitive-sensing technology, industrial designers first can think of is to traditional mechanical press with capacitive sensor switch.

This increases the flexibility of the industrial design, because the capacitive switches can be hidden in a piece of the complete surface below, do not need to press the key that needs to be reserved for mechanical machinery parts movement in space. In some portable devices, designers hope to product gives natural spirituality, such as shell-like MP3 player, like a pebble-like handset, use capacitive switches replace mechanical press can maximize the idea of restoring the designers, product appearance has integrated effects. The key is a capacitive sensor technology, the most common way of application, use PSoC built-in 8-bit processor, you can achieve the product more user-friendly operation, such as slide bar (one-dimensional) and the touchpad (two-dimensional). Multiple capacitive sensor and emissions together can achieve slider (slider), as shown in Figure 2, PSoC sequential sense each sensor capacitance change, currently being sensing sensor, other sensors in the PSoC internally to the ground, this ensures that each sensor capacitance consistency.

Slide bar in the layout required assurance finger can also overwrite or close to at least two sensors, so that in the figure 2 count value curve will render a raised-trends, by interpolation algorithm can accurately calculate the current position of the center of the finger, the resolution of this location is much larger than the actual number of sensors.

The location of the fingers sliding direction and displacement that can be translated into the user's input.

Change the slide bar to arrange shapes can make the slide bar to render a variety of lines and beautify the appearance of the product.

Figure 3 is a kind of circle slider sensor arrangement. According to the needs of the industrial design, the slider can also look through the fan-shaped, oval, wave, and so on. Slide bar not only provides a new UI input mode, product appearance increases the necessary design aesthetics embellishment, the more mysterious. Two-dimensional slide bar constitutes the touch panel, as shown in Figure 4, by horizontal and vertical scan can locate respectively touch point of two-dimensional coordinates, laptop Trackpad is the use of this principle. With the display screen (LCD) increasing the resolution of a greater need for two-dimensional coordinate information to locate the position on the screen, the touch panel, and will have a place.

Make the best use of limited entry area with the development of portable devices, in the limited space on the product display as many input element becomes a new challenge.

PSoC soft function keys defined for this demand provides a good solution. Figure 3 shows the soft function keys for basic principles, in the slide bar or the touch panel to define a coordinate of the region, when fingers in this region in a certain time, that is the area of the corresponding function key is pressed. Soft function keys of design to design saves space on a slider or the touch panel, you can implement different types of input elements, as shown in Figure 5, 5a of this piece of touch panel, by overriding different prompting pattern 5b, 5c or 5d, can simultaneously achieve key and touch panel functionality, user input with intent can finger movement of automatic recognition by the PSoC software, no mechanical switching. This design, improve space utilization, but also as designer provides a more imaginary space.

Designers may ask, in Figure 5, 5b, 5c and 5d so different input function, can not be in this one area at the same time achieve? the answer is Yes, is the touch panel 5a into transparent metallic materials (such as ITO, indium tin oxide), will this transparent touch panel display with dynamic fitting function display (LCD), the display shows

Different button layout, you can achieve dynamic input key features. ITO the metal material transparency and self impedance proportional, that is, the higher the impedance greater transparency, use PSoC latest touch-sensing algorithm, you can make the capacitive touch sensor from the effects of high impedance, thereby ensuring that displays the results.

How to contact the user-generated interactive traditional mechanical press has used the hearts of the people, mechanical press gives the mechanical touch feedback is not available, this could not help worrying touch of interactivity.

In fact, this worry is not necessary, PSoC provides users with the other chooses. PSoC internal has plenty of digital and analog resources, capacitive touch sensing only to a part, the remaining resources can be used to further increase the functionality of the system design and optimization of the system. As shown in Figure 6, used to connect different PSoC device peripherals, you can provide the user with auditory feedback (buzzer), tactile feedback (motor) or Visual (LED) feedback and promote these peripherals can be used to implement the PSoC internal resources, without or only need a small amount of discrete components.

The resources are not enough, you can even take advantage of dynamic reconfigurable PSoC, time-of-use PSoC internal hardware resources to achieve maximum resource utilization.

Let the master product Association welcomes the capacitive touch sensing there is another application that is close to the induction, that is, users do not need to touch the product's enclosure, as long as close to a product that could be sensitive to.

PSoC near type induction is by reducing the intrinsic capacitance on the sensor to relative zoom Cp alien capacitance change, thus within the scope of induction 10cm close to human body. This near-induction as well as products of industrial design offers a new way of thinking. For example, when users are close to the product, the product of the display backlight (or effect light) is lit, so the user can see the current work in advance; or products play a piece of music, let users create the feeling of being welcome. This design has two advantages, above all, saving, as we all know, the product is used on the screen, and when large power users are not close to, full of information on the display is not functioning, so you can turn off the display appears, or backlight turns off, and when the user is near, and this can open to a large extent, save power; secondly close type induction design can increase the interactive fun, enhance the added value of products, thereby stimulating the desire of the customer.

Due to the PSoC hardware and software programmable features, as well as its rich resources on chip, making its capacitive touch sensing technology is uniquely positioned to enable product design in function and performance differences, and to the maximum extent, lower system costs.

Xinhua medical: medical device with the GE joint venture

December 22, Xinhua medical at its sixth session, the sixth meeting of the Board of Directors adopted the company and General Electric (China) co., Ltd. signed the contract of joint ventures.

Xinhua medical and GE formed a joint venture called Xinhua General Electric medical systems co., Ltd., the total investment is US $ 25 million to the joint venture's business scope includes the research, development and production of medical diagnostic x-ray equipment, ancillary equipment and parts; software development and production; sales-grown products; provide the products of debugging, maintenance, repair, technical consulting and training services.

In the capital, Xinhua medical holding 51% and 49% of GE shares.

Xinhua medical Express, a joint venture to establish and operate a State-of-the-art technology in medical diagnostic x-ray equipment, accessories and parts of the research, development, production, sales and service company in China and international market with high quality and competitive joint product, allowing both sides to achieve a good economic benefits.

The newly established joint venture company intends to adopt international advanced technology, to develop universal medical products that force will become the Xinhua and GE standard x-ray imaging equipment research and development and manufacturing base.

National medical device monitoring and management of recall promulgated

People enjoy the medical equipment and new technology, new product brings more health security, they have to face additional security risk.

Recently in Beijing the first Chinese medical risk management workshop, how to make the public in the use of medical devices is greater benefits, take minimum of injuries, etc., become the focus of attention of the participants.

"In the hospital, and medical device-related adverse events associated with the drugs at least and adverse events as General or even higher.

"National ADR medical equipment Department officer of United States food and Drug Administration-reference (FDA) published information. United States a year 45 million people suffer and medical device-related injuries see emergency, nearly 6 million deaths or cause hospitalization; United States average received 16 million medical device adverse event reports, this may be less than the actual occurrence of 1%. China's national ADR statistics show that as China's monitoring capabilities, 2003 medical device adverse event monitoring to 366, 2007 monitoring to 12374 cases, five-year growth of nearly 34 times. Control the risk of the use of medical devices, manufacturers, government administrators, users, and is the responsibility of the healthcare institutions, etc. But in our country, the manufacturer of that responsibility was not set. State food and Drug Administration medical Scarlett O'Hara said the Deputy Director of the Division, as well as numerous enterprises just passively waiting for the Government's monitoring and notifications. Registration and approval prior to listing, a number of product risk report lack of potential risk of substantive analysis, evaluation and control; post-marketing, companies pay more attention to sales, ignored the product marketed by the risk monitoring and control. It is reported that the Ministry of health and the State food and Drug Administration is about to enact the implementation of the medical device adverse event monitoring and evaluation of management approaches and the management of the medical device recall. The State food and Drug Administration issued the "risk management for medical devices on the application of medical devices, also will be June 1, 2009 onwards practiced.

IBM's new medical programmes help wisdom health reform information (1)

Should countries new health reform programme launched.

IBM in Beijing held a Grand Media Conference, IBM Software Group's global sales manager RobertLeBlanc personally came to Beijing, announced a series of "IBM wisdom medical solutions". Seems to echo the new health reform programme announced, however, IBM's wisdom is not only the medical programme is definitely for the occasion, IBM Software Group in greater China and IBM Zhongguokaifazhongxin (CDL) jointly announced the establishment of the "IBM healthcare industry solutions Lab" and published IBM wisdom medical series solution, as the "wisdom" in China falls to the ground in medical, benefit the public provides practical programmes and practices.

IBM promotes the flexible use of information technology to implement the "new health reform" policy, in the medical services in the implementation of the whole aspect of collaborative and integrated so as to establish efficient and transparent, Huimin can and wisdom to the health care system, to solve medical problems faced by industry.

IBM introduced a series of timely intelligence medical solutions for regional health and General Hospital Group, including: regional medical information network, CHAS clinical research information integration platform, medical collaborative platform, based on cloud computing network intelligence medical, aimed at using information technology to promote the optimization of resources and patient flow, power off the new health reform in order to build a solid, "everyone has the right to basic health services," wisdom of the medical system.

During this Conference, IBM Software Group's global sales manager RobertLeBlanc stated: "IBM up with ' wise medical ' system is a patient-oriented information system.

' Wisdom ' of the medical use of advanced information technology can improve disease prevention, diagnosis and research, and ultimately the health benefit of various components of the ecosystem. "For China's medical industry itself, with a wealth of global healthcare industry experience, IBM introduced a series of medical solutions. In the new health reform in key areas of medical, electronic health records, large areas of the hospital reform will help its hand.

IBM has launched four areas of solutions including:

1. regional medical information network (RHIN/RegionalHealthcareInformationNetwork)

IBM regional medical information network provides a variety of medical institutions for personnel and systems integration and collaboration environment.

Medical institutions of the parties and the patient through standards-based electronic health records to share and exchange information. Regional patient master index system to maintain the patient in the area of global ID, electronic health records and medical institutions the effective integration of the system and ensure that all medical institutions of the system to maintain the patient's local identity. Medical institutions of the parties to provide health services through the health services bus, collaborative process to complete medical services, support and improve primary health care system, the promotion of basic public health services gradual equalization.

2.CHAS clinical research information integration platform (CHAS/Clinical & & HealthAnalytics Sharing)

"Patient-centered," Cross-Hospital clinical information integration platform, enabling to data depth use supporting innovative models of clinical research.

Based on the IBM medical integration framework for patient-centered health information management and sharing system, provides an open, standards-based, interoperable electronic medical record solution;

Dell launches electronic medical record solution to accelerate expansion in emerging markets

Recently, Dell announced the US launch a satellite clinics for the hospital's electronic medical record (EMR) solution designed to accelerate hospital and Clinic patient information between the sharing and efficient use.

Dell electronic medical record solution is funded by the hospital for its satellite clinics in use, it effectively help more clinics will convert paper records; electronic medical record, electronic medical record solution can clinics doctors and funded hospital closely, use of electronic medical records, improvement and coordination of medical services, thereby reducing costs, and simplify the management of local health care system.

Most of the United States doctors affiliated with local hospitals, of which less than 10% of doctors have * featured electronic medical record system.

This system provides electronically registered medical patient information, and billing arrangements so that assisted doctors real-time view of patient information, and to improve the management of the clinic. Because the electronic medical record can effectively reduce the consumers, employers and the Government of the United States for medical expenses, so that the Federal Government has been the adoption of electronic medical records, as its health care reform and economic stimulus plan of one of the important projects. It is expected that in 2011, the use of electronic medical records and to achieve effective use of hospitals, according to the United States recovery and Reinvestment Act to obtain the appropriate incentives.

Dell and funded hospital joint efforts and work together, have been widely used in small and medium-sized clinics to electronic medical records of obstacles will be an effective solution.

These issues include system cost and complexity, as well as system vendors of technology are not compatible.

The future can save life or to improve the life quality of new technology

There is no doubt that science was destined to improve and enrich the human experience of life.

Micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS), Microfluidic technology, nanotechnology, lab-on-chip (lab-on-a-chip) devices, digital signal processor (DSP), implantable chip and robot, and so all of these technologies will be integrated together to safeguard our health. It has led to the arrival of a new era of technology, where the electronic engineers, chemists and chemical engineers, biologists and biological engineers, physicians, ethicists, physicist and mechanical engineers work to improve the quality of life in total assists this feat.

Integration of living cells, polymer and chips of bio-complex organ is an area of special heat.

These organs constructor from inorganic material, living cells taken from the body, animal or human tissue, these living cells can best be done such as biochemical function and blood filtering complex work. These devices can slow the disease symptoms, longer life. The ultimate goal is to bring these devices implanted in the body for maximum effectiveness. The complete organ transplantation will be the next step.

The campus of the University of Missouri in Colombia, researchers have recently demonstrated a progress? D? D one day, the technology would allow ink jet print human organs become reality.

Print organs to a recipient who modelled for the cell to ensure that donors of consistency, through prints and structural layer alternate cascading fashion constructed out of printing organs.

Kidney and auxiliary equipment (RAD) is a bio-composite organ, it is proved that the device has improved the traditional role of the kidney dialysis equipment (Figure 1).

Researchers also developed a liver biology composite organ (Figure 2). Draper Laboratory (i.e. born former MIT instrument laboratory Charles Stark Draper Laboratories) scientists are conducting a study of Microfluidic devices, the devices 1mm thick, the size of 25cm2 final purpose is in a single chip to generate a complete liver. In addition, the Massachusetts Institute of technology (MIT) 's researchers are working with J.P. Sercel Associates company join cells maintain a gallows of the hanged by the laser processing of polymer composition (from polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide synthesis). The gallows, a very fine channel and pore, researchers use they may one day be able in a chip into a liver.

At the University of Pittsburgh School of medicine, McGowan regeneration is developing a biological synthetic lung to simulate human normal lung breathing function.

The MEMS device variegated contain air or blood micro channel. These micro-channel separation by thin diaphragm, thin diaphragm simulation of normal lung function of alveolar walls.

Of course, as the most important organ of heart will never be forgotten.

For example, some biosynthesis organ can play a bandage of capabilities that can repair the unhealthy portion of the human heart disease. Researchers at MIT, is scheduled to begin for heart tissue structure of animal experiments, they referred to as the "shrinking patch" to replace the damaged heart tissue. On a fully implantable heart exploitation continues.

Eye and ear, will benefit

Artificial eyes and artificial ear is the most successful synthesis of human organs and technical achievements of two; artificial eye for the visually handicapped and blind light, artificial ear is hearing impaired and deaf people rushed to the Gospel.

In fact, already had a Bionic eye, the retina and cochlear implants.

Of these, an ambitious project with the University of Southern California, Keck School of Doheny retina medical school, Second Sight, Texas instruments and the participation of the United States national laboratories.

These organizations are trying to create an artificial retina, which shows a great prospect. This study is part of the United States Department of energy's artificial retina project, funded by the United States Department of energy. In a 5mm2 retinal platforms, mount a 60 electrodes of retina (Figure 3). It is believed that it was thought to be in the area, have the highest density of channel electrode. Artificial Retina

United States air force and the VSX company part of the financing of another ambitious retinal prosthesis projects they are developing a do not need to use signal recovery part of the vision, the eyes of direct simulation of the motion of internal retina that bring light vision disabilities.

This 3 mm chip enables the wearer's vision restoration of 10%. University of Utah and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Oak Ridge National Labs) and the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, to the same challenge to the blind. MIT and Japan and Germany's universities are also engaged in similar research.

Bionic Ear research available in a Word to sum up: spectacular.

Michigan has developed the first cases of physical size of the MEMS implantable cochlear mechanics. Cochlear implants are different frequency signal transmission to the spirochete cochlear implantation (cochleal spiral) electrode work. Auditory nerve transmits the signals to the brain. As machinery increased sensor array in the cochlea to the cochlear implantation driven by electrode.

To solve the hard of hearing, NVE Corporation developed the giant Magnetoresistive sensor (GMR), these sensors without manual intervention can automatically adjust the volume for hearing aids.

The electron spin (spintronic) Magnetoresistive sensor from Starkey Laboratories manufacturing, they use electronic rotation instead of charging to store information.

Georgia Tech Research Institute to Peacock Communications companies transfer to wear with text technology, Peacock Communications provides its called COMMplements software system, it is deaf who sent in the Gospel.

The software with the IEEE 802 .11b wireless transmission capacity lost hearing in mobile users easy access to the Internet, through a PDA as a sport with a text description.P > better disease monitoring, diagnosis, and early warning

The diseases are reduced to a minimum of one of the ways is to use a more correct and effective non-invasive monitoring, diagnosis, and early warning.

Compared with the past, through wireless RF imagery that can be ingested by imaging tablets for gastrointestinal scientist provides a more accurate picture of the small intestine (Figure 4).

Canada Calgary University researchers using MEMS technology for manufacturing a prototype electronic mosquito, known as "e-mosquito," the only electronic mosquito simulate the process of mosquitoes of the vampire (Figure 5).

Its purpose is to provide a controlled continuous stimulation and choreography into human skin fine pinholes in order to extract the very small amount of blood for later for further analysis. The device is a wireless control, no pain, real-time, half invasive blood analysis and physiological cell nucleus recognition provides a comprehensive and practical solutions.

Is pursuing new DSP devices for better non-invasive diagnosis. Here in Canada Canamet company Piesometer MK-1 portable blood pressure monitor, for example. It uses the double floating-point Diopsis Atmel VLIW (VLIW) DSP and a Tablet ARM microprocessor, which overcomes the traditional limitations of auscultation method. Auscultation method uses the sphygmomanometer and automatic blood pressure device used in the measurement of vibration wave (oscillometric) technology. Canamet instruments support self-adjusting signal processing methods, including: self regulating interference cancellation, band-pass filter and peak recognition algorithm.

Implantable devices for laboratory level, sometimes also known as bio-chip, it is non-invasive monitoring, diagnosis and control of the final will play a key role.

Many of these devices are designed using MEMS technology. Affymetrix is the first launch of the bio-chip company that as early as in 1994 launched the GeneChip (gene chip). Agilent Technologies, Biosite, Cepheid, CombiMatrix, Nanogen and STMicroelectronics, thereafter have implemented such complex platform. These bio-chip forming a huge molecular electronics market over the next few years, the market will have made significant progress.

Bio-chip development gave birth to a new subject in Bioinformatics, the need for the technology to handle from lab-on-chip and DNA chip output of large amounts of data.

Processing of such information requires the integration of computer science, database technology and algorithms. For example, Affymetrix ' GeneChip (Figure 6) is able to explain the situation. As a lab-on-chip has a large number of data need to be addressed and the analysis. A massive amount of data required from these out useful information in the analysis of requirements to the electronic industry challenge, and it is these challenges mapping out information technology development opportunities.

In addition to implantable areas, Holy Land Asia national laboratories (Sandia National Laboratories) scientists busy with a 5-pound handheld portable medical diagnostic device tracking study, the device can immediately detect heart and gum parts of lesion (Figure 7).

New technologies also bring Gospel for persons with disabilities

In patches and corrections instruments also come a long way to improving the quality of life of persons with disabilities.

Robot arm to help people regain the upper limbs torn heart hand harmony; robot fake legs help lower extremity dysfunction to embark on a new life; the heart implantation paralysed people only use his heart and the implantation of the device will be able to manipulate the artificial arm.

All of these will bring us how beautiful future? micro-processing technology, nanotechnology, robotics and biomedical engineering, these technologies will collaborate in a more prompt and accurate diagnosis of cancer tumors.

Most importantly, the use of these technologies in these tumors cause larger lesions, it is completely destroyed. Washington University in a group of researchers is to this objective. Based on their research results, will be adopted for the injection of ad-hoc nanoparticles means to cure cancer, these particles can find cancer early and be used to apply these small parcels and destroy tumors.

Medicine prices announced pricing reform, the parties affected overall interpretation (1)

After a half months, I still hold the reform of the hesitation of medicines and medical services in the price formation mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the "opinion"), has finally officially released yesterday.

Previously on 9 November, the opinions of three departments check has been completed.

With the previous version of the reporter was informed that, compared to officially announce the "opinion", government regulation and market regulation, encourage research and innovation and the use of essential drugs and technology and, cost, and quality and pricing of the guiding principles of the "three in one" has not changed.

However, the lower limit of the "drug price management" and "Medicare drug prices" and originally emphasized "solved", not in the opinion referred to in the final version.

1 yaoqi medicine: the first-floor support policy

"Opinions, to boot biowaiver orderly production and competition.

On the next domestic first clone listed drugs, price references were imitation drug price is established; in the innovator drugs have not been listed in China, first of all, the price of generic medicines on the basis of its reasonable costs. And then clone the listing of drugs in accordance with the price is lower than the first clone of a certain percentage of drug prices. The same kind of generic drug manufacturers to achieve a certain number, according to the average social cost, and so develop uniform prices.

Although no suffering from adverse drug "Medicare-national treatment" price, but the first faux drug price support policies for landing, has let China's pharmaceutical companies see a loosening of hope.

Technology level, since the first faux drug as opposed to the subsequent imitation, investment in research and development production costs are high, the industry has been called for, it should be the key from the pricing policy and subsequent generics.

In March 2006, for the pharmaceutical industry, a small, casual, out of the situation, the national development and Reform Commission in the pharmaceutical pricing methods "(first version), the first drug-like" first "pricing policy, with the intention of controlling generic drug overheating problems.

This policy supports finally settles, is still at the "generics" of China, is from the policy direction of the wind has a clear guidance.

In the academic field, on the "economical" drugs is increasingly prosperous.

"Safe, effective, adequate is good," drug use and development of principles, but also make drugs developed wind direction changes, improved formulations quietly, ways and expand the indications for "improved" research and development seems to be more practical.

However, Zhejiang haizheng medicine (22.65, 0.19, 0.85%) co., Ltd. General Manager Assistant Zhu Tong Qin also told reporters that the first-to-business technology research and development capacity demands high, to achieve the first faux first is proof of the level of research and development.

This imitation of the "cake" is not easy to eat, or those with high levels of scientific and technological research and development in order to share of the enterprise.

Freescale Semiconductor for medical products bring vitality

Medical electronic market is heating up, and by semiconductor manufacturers concerned, even has the potential to become beyond communications and PC to become the largest semiconductor applications.

The improvement of living standards, the ageing society, government social to increase investment in medical health, medical equipment market demand is the main driving force. Whereas technical progress, in particular electronic technology including semiconductor product innovation will be the catalyst for the market. At the end of last week's industry event in the Freescale Technology Forum (FTF), medical innovation is the industry focus one of Freescale's new medical innovations become eye-catching products.

Global medical electronics market, on the one hand, thanks to advances in electronic technology, on the other hand, subject to the following trends are: (1) the ageing population, the proportion of the older population in the world from 20 years ago by 11% to 20% in 2007.

(2) people living standard improve brings health awareness raising, there is health care expectations continue to increase. (3) insurance companies and employers in the payment of medical expenses and insurance scope gradually abate, the insured person or the patient pays the costs of health care is increasing. (4) technological progress allows some minor diseases can intra-familial early analysis, prevention and treatment, than to go to the hospital and convenient cheap.

Medical applications is the fastest growing semiconductor area, according to market research agencies, global Databeans medical electronics spending 15% annual growth, medical applications of semiconductor consumption increased by 11% per year.

To 2012 medical electronic semiconductor output will be close to 50 billion, home and portable market is the fastest growing annual compound growth rate, as high as 16%. Auxiliary devices for rehabilitation, treatment, monitoring/sensor and telemetry devices will become household electronic medical market of big head, light to blood glucose meter to watch in 2007 is $ 7 billion business opportunities, and to the 2012 will grow up to 89 million; and a healthy home medical equipment, estimated more massive growth of 25% will be.

Technology challenges

On today's medical applications, the price and security remains an important indicator, but new demands on the key elements of guises: small size, low power, high reliability.

For example, on size and power-sensitive portable consumer applications product designers are less concerned about neutron-induced firmware error due to reliability problems.

Miniaturization

For most medical applications, the need is sufficient processing power will be integrated into a given space.

Of course, medical device size possible and some important constraints. For example, a portable blood glucose meters form and shape similar to a PDA. On Implantable devices such as pacemakers, used in the treatment of central nervous system disorders of nerve stimulation devices and hearing aids, etc., taking into account their desired implant position, the size is very important.

Low power consumption

In addition to the small size, low power consumption is another trend.

On Implantable devices, power consumption is minimized and the benefits of extended battery life. Topical medical equipment to the power consumption is also very sensitive. With the increasing miniaturization of electronic components, past medical devices is fixed into the laptop. In the past, hospitals must use cart to transport of ultrasonic imaging device, the dimension of the now-just like a notebook computer. Automatic external electricity shock generator (defibrillator) are now widely adopted. Extracting oxygen from the air on patients with oxygen treatment of portable oxygen generator, you can now just like wallet slung over her shoulders. All of these devices are relying on low power consumption and small form factor.

Other challenges include: the semiconductor industry's rate of change is much more than medical equipment (sales using the latest technology for new products more difficult); medical equipment clients need to go through the site that will not be obsolete technology in order to meet the stringent regulations on medical equipment Guide.

Freescale microcontrollers for use in medical applications bring vitality

According to survey results, Databeans medical electronics industry to bring the most rapid semiconductors for industrial growth opportunities, it is expected that an annual growth rate of up to 11%.

Freescale Semiconductor company by introducing five microcontroller (MCU) product line, to specifically meet the rigorous demands of medical applications. The MCU power consumption is very low, its stop current of less than 450 MW micro-amps, and integrated LCD segment display, USB and analog circuits. Therefore, Freescale medical micro-controller solutions can save up to 30% of the component, and the main competitors, significant savings in system costs. These products are included in Freescale's long-term plan, "" product (product longevity program).

Freescale chip for embedded medical market tailor-made for portable medical applications, such as a portable blood glucose meter and heart rate monitor.

Other applications include diagnostic and treatment solutions, such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), patient care equipment and medical laboratory equipment. Freescale MCU of health aims to meet or exceed the United States food and Drug Administration (FDA) on specific laptop medical applications (such as blood glucose meter) accuracy standards.

Freescale 8-bit in the near future with LCD driver, 16 bit resolution ADC and ultra low standby current S08LH36 and highly integrated single-chip S08QE32, not only to top-level glucose meter manufacturer design is stable and reliable products that can be seamlessly upgraded to more fast 32-bit ColdFire platforms and can be integrated with USB interface and conform to international medical institutions recognised Continua USB Stack PHDC.

In addition, low power consumption is Freescale medical electronic product characteristic.

Electrocardiogram of portable devices, real time data can be connected directly or via Bluetooth to transfer to a personal computer or mobile phone, which in turn transferred to the hospital or data center and storage or real-time monitoring and analysis. For this type of equipment, power consumption is a key factor in user selection, due diligenceReduced battery charging time. Freescale's designers in the design of micro-controller and Zigbee RF devices, has a variety of power management features integrated into the product. Such as: running, waiting, standby and stop mode available for 1 to 2 batteries.

Freescale industrial products (medical) Asia Pacific Marketing Manager Mr. Gordon said, Freescale offers solutions has more than one thing in common, such as medical products provides 15 years of supply cycle, low-power, micro-encapsulation, high reliability, connectivity, and easy to operate, reduce misunderstandings of man-machine interface software, greatly facilitates the user particularly older users.

Medical electronics: let love and technology common extension (1)

Distinguish it from any of the electronic technology, medical electronics is a concern shared by the whole society.

IBM's latest advertising campaign that in the next 30% of the capacity of the data comes from the medical information. And IDC expects 2011 world will produce 1800, 000, 000TB data, i.e., the 1.8ZB of 30% means that each year produces medical information will exceed the capacity, how 5ZB collecting and processing these data is the next medical electronics products must take account of the problem.

Love how to extend

Such a large scale will undoubtedly ecofeminism medical information to medical electronics market heating up, and in this economic crisis affect the whole industry special period by semiconductor manufacturers concerned, if IBM's prophecies are true, medical electronics and even have the potential to go beyond the communication and the PC has become the largest semiconductor applications.

Global medical electronics market, on the one hand, thanks to advances in electronic technology, on the other hand by following some of the impact of social change: (1) the ageing population, the proportion of the older population in the world from 20 years ago by 11% to 20% in 2007. (2) people living standard improve brings health awareness raising, there is health care expectations continue to increase. (3) insurance companies and employers in the payment of medical expenses and insurance scope gradually abate, the insured person or the patient pays the costs of health care is increasing. (4) technological progress allows some minor diseases can intra-familial early analysis, prevention and treatment, than to go to the hospital and convenient cheap.

With the objective of the evolution and transformation of the concept of people's health, medical electronics renders the following kinds of trends.

First of all, only in large hospitals are using large medical device renders the miniaturization, low cost and easier to use, and other trends to meet primary health care sector construction needs.

On the other hand, large equipment is providing higher performance development, channel density and speed higher, this not only helps to better diagnosis and raise efficiency in the use of equipment, both to the hospital in order to make more money and established a good image. As consumers of healthcare services have a higher demand for alternative 2D monochrome image devices of high resolution and 3D imaging applications will be more strongly.

Secondly, in order to meet the health care system of network construction, from the long-term development, Internet data platform has become very important.

Data platform involves two technical requirements: communications and data formats. Only by establishing appropriate standards, medical devices, as well as with other information sources in order to achieve interoperability. In this context, the industry up the Continua Health Alliance of industry organizations, standards, interoperability and the preparation of the Guide. In addition, as the medical industry, many of the original is considered a medical industry edge industries such as home care system-related insurance will also be more and more involved in the construction of the medical industry. However, because there is not yet implemented extensive interoperability, so for medical systems and information technology industry, this is an emerging development goals.

Once again, with the increase of population ageing, home care type of application is also a trend.

In addition to now have more application in the home blood glucose, blood pressure test, expected future ECG equipment will go into the home, it will have more participants came in, it will open up a different business model. In particular, the measurement of blood glucose, blood pressure, and other portable devices that can easily provide home health monitoring and preventive measures. This will lead to a low-power low-cost portable medical electronic devices in strong demand.

Finally, in the global market, scientists and business enterprises in recent years in the field of bio-medical investments, which is high performance and high reliability of medical electronic equipment growth of another applications.

Maxim medical e-Marketing Director, John Di Cristina stressed, medical equipment research and development trend is towards the "nearest" patients, mainly in two areas: one is a diagnostic test equipment from clinical laboratory entered the doctor's Office or hospital beds side; on the other hand is the popularity of home care equipment. This trend can bring many benefits to patients, not only improve the quality of service in hospitals and reduce cost; and patients, medical monitoring equipment to enter the home, the patient can understand without their health status, without the need for frequent access to hospital. In order to meet these needs, the need to reduce the size of the device, in some cases also require equipment with portability, you also need to have the connection or data transmission capabilities, patient data is sent to the health care centre.

How to deal with science and technology

Medical device is to the home healthcare market brings a revolution to the people having to leave home to diagnose a variety of health conditions.

For home medical equipment, the main challenges include: size (portable), power (battery life even longer), ease of use (smart device), networks (from the specialist for data analysis, etc.) and cost (for end users, the price is acceptable). Technological progress enables portable self-service healthcare systems, such systems help people monitoring such as blood pressure, blood sugar and body temperature, and other vital signs. Family medical surveillance and monitoring system enables people to control their own health, but these medical devices must be in the most important moments the work quickly and efficiently. With the development of a portable medical sensor, non-intrusive care, longer battery life and a smaller overall dimensions become more critical. Need small solution size and low power consumption of medical equipment examples include: blood analysis systems, pulse oximetry meter, digital x-ray, and digital clinical thermometer, etc.

Wireless LAN integration with RFID and build efficient wireless medical

As the Central Hospital of physician, doctor no longer have to got with medical single-bed ward diagnosis.

The hospital has just introduced a set of wireless medical application platform, he just carry a laptop, you can move between various disease area, using the patient information anytime, anywhere, informed, symptoms, medical history and examination, inspection results, press a key to realization.

And the doctor's latest changes compared to the "wireless medical" noun appears relative is dull.

In recent years, with the hospital Informationization construction of continuous, how doctors anytime vital signs data, health data and inputs, and the implementation of hospital information sharing has evolved into the informatization problems to be solved in the hospital, and wireless medical also has been on the agenda.

Benefit from the many to enter China and are intended to promote China's medical information development of international enterprises, domestic medical development and information system has been continuously developing and improving.

Successful application of wireless medical orders for medical information development significantly speed-up and international expertise have also launched the wireless medical solutions, wireless medical trends from academic to the real exercise.

Traditional medical information

In recent years, the hospital competition not only reflected in the level of hospital care, also reflected in the Hospital of the medical equipment, as well as on the quality of service.

The rapid development in computer technology, the domestic most hospitals have adopted HIS hospital information management system to improve hospital efficiency and service quality. But in fact, many of the hospital information system, to a large extent the only hospital management process of the computerization, and not a real medical information.

For example.

Hospital in the largest database should be the patient's medical records. In the past, the medical staff are holding a thick medical records bag next to the room to check the patient's physical condition, and then record the final result back to the data center. If the use of advanced methods of work, medical personnel data directly through the network to the central database, which would increase efficiency, but Wired is apparently impossible. Because the medical staff is a mobile office, in each room is equipped with computers or other data collection device clearly price is very expensive, in addition to the devices that also requires a lot of wiring.

Modern medical information is the core of patient information sharing, including the hospital various sections between such as laboratory branch, Department of Radiology, angiography, and doctors instant information shared between, even hospital, hospital and information sharing between the community, to the database as the Center for patient information without paper and without film, this requires a strong network of support.

In addition, because of the particularity of the medical industry, healthcare professionals and patients need to be frequently in mobile, while processing a large amount of information that requires network with mobility, transfer rate. Taking into account the increase in business volume, the hospital network need to leave enough room for expansion and does not affect the normal work of the hospital.

Of these, obviously is not the traditional network can satisfy.

Wireless medical "moved" touch the hair

In the example above, if the hospital using the wireless network is different.

Medical staff only need to bring a laptop or PDA devices in each ward can be their latest conditions in real time sent back to the central database, and get information from a central database, from a ward to another ward, no connection limit. At the same time, the medical staff can quickly and easily exchange important data.

In the face of the patient and more personalized treatment requirements, face the pressure to reduce malpractice, hospital urgently need to introduce new technology, upgrade existing applications into the "Internet everywhere" wireless applications, rapid, timely, patient data is transferred to the doctor for a diagnosis and treatment of patients with reduced time and costs, while also improving the efficiency of health care professionals round and not blurred sloppy and medical accidents.

In Ward: wireless application, health care professionals can wireless computer, quickly gets patients in hospital information, history, examination, inspection results and other vital signs information, to make the most efficient and patient communication, in order to get the high efficiency, high quality bed access and care.

At the same time, the doctor can be round, timely information in a mobile terminal, and according to history and clinical examination results, compare patients ' condition variations, act decisively to consultation and developing treatment programmes. And related inspection, examination, treatment and the doctor will be recorded at any time, and through the network is stored in the database and update the daily routine of the round into an "explosive" process, avoiding late-go down the doctor, the doctor opened up with memory and record history caused by repetitive work and error probability.

There is no doubt that the medical information network application is under unprecedented attention, a traditional hospital business model has entered a substantive reform era.

Wireless local area network and the constant development of RFID technology to make it in the medical industry found more and more appropriate use of health care personnel in the liberation of the yoke, the technology allows hospitals and health care workers can be more focus on the patient's care needs met.

Wireless provider behind the international expertise

Globalization has fundamentally changed the service industry and manufacturing industry business models.

Now, once considered a local industry of medical professions, is also going through a similar transition. This trend is changing the Chinese on financing the establishment of hospitals, as well as the United States who recruit doctors, Australia people pay medical service providers, the Europeans in the field of competition and the Middle East Government for future generations to build new ways healthcare model.

More and more data show that in many countries the health care system affected by various trends converge challenges: increasing demand, rising costs, quality and professionalism of the wrong incentives.

As medical globalization andBusiness globalization, new solutions go beyond traditional boundaries, healthcare experts started walking out of the borders, to the world; at the same time, the extension of the science and technology and sharing causes medical latest achievements in the world walk.

It is clear that international expertise in the field of revolutionary change in the absolute protagonist.

This one to RFID technology and application of known of RCG macro PA digital group is entering the China medical information market, one of the international business has been in the field of international health information for many years, its Gallop international medical industry wide application of information technology solutions for numerous medical enterprise successfully imported high-quality information management of means to play an active role.

RCG industry creative will not know technology and biology RFID technology integration is applied to medical information, promote the medical industry informatization level constantly perfecting.

In a domestic medical enterprises introduced in "patient tracking solution," and "patient blood sample matching system" and "clinical tracking system" and "M2M patient distance monitoring system" information management system, RCG for domestic medical informatization development demand, the introduction of the "wireless medical integrated application system" and "medical information system," "position monitoring system," "mobile clinical health care system," and "authentication service platform" and "remote medical care system," and several sets of medical solutions, and implement wireless medical concept.

Today, more hospitals are going digital.

Although hospitals use network technology has been relatively slow pace, however, introduce international wireless medical solutions, hospital gradually. Although at present only a small percentage of hospital completed digital conversion, however, because the system cost reduction as well as the rapid development of technology, this trend is upward trend.

It is expected that as the RCG international expertise and increasing integration of national markets, international business will be to the home market to introduce more technology and philosophy, and the Chinese medical professions in the traditional medical trend information while the sync cable to the wireless arrives in medical care transformation of baptism.

Medical information in reform promotion is facing three major bottlenecks (1)

　　

The doctor without long waiting in the team, patient is still under 120 ambulance, CPR has been transmitted to the reimbursement of medical expenses, hospital, no longer to finish a myriad of diagnosis and treatment and medical bill in distress, each referral or holding a stack of patient records ...

Last year, the Chinese Government announced that $ input-1240 improve 14 million people in the medical standards, open health reform starts at the same time, the national health information system is faced with a big "surgery".

For a long time, is limited to parties benefit game, perceptions and complexity barriers such as the system itself, the medical information always faces the island of tracts, chimney stacks, medical resources extremely uneven and so embarrassing situation. How to break through?

Health care, this being the most informative industry recognized hard nut industry will therefore what changes occurred?

"CPR" into the vanguard of information

As of 31 December, the National Ministry of Health Web sites issued by the Ministry of health and sponsored by the issuance of the electronic medical record basic schema and data standards (for trial implementation) ", to promote throughout the hospital Informationization construction to meet the public hospital reform outline specific norms.

Specific requirements for the basic content of electronic medical records shall include the patient in medical institutions of successive conferences of the clinic medical expense summary information, such as medical expenses.

The standard law, the main content of electronic medical records shall include: medical profile, door (urgent) patient medical records, hospital records, health check-up records, medical records, legal referral and reports, medical institution information, seven business domain of activity records, case summary record of the medical expenses.

The Ministry of health, stressed that the establishment of electronic medical records is to guarantee the health record "number out of a source" and resolve residents "costlier" and other issues.

If the health information synergy is equivalent to establishing a link to the Internet for health information, health records is a link on each knot is getting through the "ren du" key.

The use of electronic medical records to health management process of scientific and specification of record, a covered entity from birth to Hospice full life cycle of the project, will be the concern of the population engaged in after treatment is transferred to the prior control.

To "toxic milk powder" event, for example, in the "toxic milk" by the media exposure, hospitals have one after accepting too many children with kidney stones.

Typically, the kidney is not in the year of the child, if the established residents health records, once the disease incidence in a region suddenly increased by 10 times or even a hundred times, it is easy to be found.

Medical display in digital imaging system and matching (1)

Digital Imaging System (PACS, DR, CR, DSA, etc.) with the IT industry, maturing, and soon entered the field of medical radiology.

Because of its "soft reading tablets feature" and forward-looking, more and more favor domestic hospital, various medical digital imaging system was listed as the hospital's acquisition plans. However, due to cost considerations, digital image system configuration in the monitor area, are often ignored or discarded medical monitor configurations to a normal PC monitor or black and white display alternative to digital imaging system for image display effects greatly diminished, as in the development of a digital image of the "bottleneck".

Currently, many domestic manufacturers and integrators in digital X machine, CR, DR systems and PACs investment allocation ratio display matching parameters and investment will be used, show features of nature are relatively low, resulting in digital imaging system features available on the "barrel" effect, namely that the whole system function = minimum function, the part of this phenomenon is due to the domestic industry of the lack of awareness of the medical monitor.

In order for Radiology on digital imaging system of diagnostic accuracy problems have full understanding, understanding medical monitor in the role of digital imaging, we from medical monitor discussions on several aspects.

Medical display preferences:

1, a brightness of the eye's ability to distinguish the gray-scale so that as the brightness of different, with a linear relationship.

As the figure, the higher the brightness (Luminance), the human eye can discern in gray (JND-Just Noticeable Difference). Conversely, low brightness, the human eye on grayscale resolution. The higher the level of brightness, the human eye can distinguish the number of gray levels. In order to improve levels of resolution, a brightness of the monitor must be high. The higher the brightness (Luminance), the human eye can distinguish between the gray-scale (JND – Just Noticeable Difference). Physicians room ambient light on the monitor's brightness is influential, part of the image on the monitor depends on the brightness of the monitor, but the dark parts in addition to the display brightness, and environment brightness and refractive index of the display.

If the indoor illumination for 100lux, display refraction 2%, the brightness for 2 cd/M2.

When asked to contrast to 1: 100, display brightness should be at least 200 cd/M2 (General Office illumination often can reach 500lux, the brightness of 1000 on request can be met cd/M2), because the human eye of nonlinear grey to identify capacity and environmental factors of illuminance.

Design and manufacture of medical monitor with maximum brightness of 800-600 cd/M2.

General display brightness of 200 cd/M2-350. United States society of Radiology (ACR) provides digital x-ray images of maximum brightness should at least 170 cd/M2. 2001 March in Germany of x-ray imaging seminars, industry opinion is where using digital image brightness of the monitor requires at least 200 cd/M2. General perspective or CT image at least 100 cd/M2. So therefore, ordinary monitor brightness that seems to have reached the film reading requirements of brightness (many hospitals have just installed the monitor image is also quite satisfied). Considered to CRT or LCD monitor brightness will decay over time.

We hope that at least three years, the monitor's brightness can be maintained at a minimum brightness above, it is recommended that a new display brightness at least 500 cd/M2 or more.

However, because ordinary monitor does not have a brightness stabilization and correction functions, brightness over time decay and ambient light refraction, display brightness significantly discounted, cannot achieve the requirements of the film reading (on brightness problem, behind stability even in detail) and medical monitor's maximum brightness at installation, the use of optical correction tool calibration in accordance with DICOM standard, so that the brightness in a film reading requirements of brightness values. (Usually in the 400-500 cd/M2), and that in 3-5 million hours constant. This ensures that brightness of the stability and consistency of the image. Thus, ordinary monitor and medical monitor in medical radiology film reading room of the actual working environment is very different.

Academician microarray technology: human health Scout (1)

News articles relevant to the c.d "excellent performance the audience an unforgettable impression, people to this beautiful dancer is deaf and sad.

Two-year-old, streptomycin injection due to the high fever news articles relevant to lost hearing. Science and technology development to today, with the microarray technology, like her "a needle induced hearing loss" is completely avoidable.

"If the news articles relevant to the just born do microarray detection, that they are drug-induced hearing loss gene carriers, as long as the future does not use the aminoglycoside drug, you can avoid the incidence of drug-induced hearing loss.

"In Beijing Zhongguancun life science park, 47-year-old Academy Dr Cheng Beijing told reporters. Cheng, academician of the National Engineering Research Center for bio-chip Beijing and Boao biological co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Boao bio") Center Director and Technical Director, and is also Professor of Tsinghua University School of medicine, Professor of Changjiang scholars of the Ministry of education.

Hereditary hearing loss gene chip is a bio-chip.

Simply put, the bio-chip is a fingernail-sized glass, silicon chip, materials such as nylon membrane on biological probes, it first to be discovered, then the sample response and reaction results related to signal to the collection, then use a computer or other method of analysis of the data results. In 1997, Fortune magazine has reported that "in the history of science and technology of the 20th century there are two things: a far-reaching is microelectronics chip, it is a computer and many of the ' heart ' of household appliances, changed our economic and cultural life, and have access to every family; another is the bio-chip, it will change the way of life science research, innovations in medical diagnosis and treatment, significantly improve the quality and health of the population. ”

Cheng, academician, biochips's role is to help achieve the disease early warning, prevention, and individual treatment.

It is a testing tool, much as appearances are like sensors, computer chips, fixed live different biological materials or biological molecules, biomolecules with these, you can on the biological samples (blood, urine, sputum, etc.) target for testing. By using normal sample data and testing samples of data comparison, an analysis of whether there are differences, the doctor can under the circumstances the difference of being detected by body suffer from disease. Biochips as Scout, advance the cause of detectives, to some extent, do know thyself. Known as the father of the "DNA" reputation of American Nobel Prize winner James · Watson (James Watson) predicted that in the next 10 years, genetic testing for individuals will become a regular means of disease diagnosis. Doctors can study individual gene sequence, to bring the bad genes of those medical recommendations, thereby more effective in the treatment of mental illness, cancer, diabetes, and other complex diseases.

Bio-chip can be used for the diagnosis of hereditary diseases.

Species in China, hereditary diseases, only monogenic 4,000 variety. The disease prevention and early intervention is important, but previous lack effective means early diagnosis. Hereditary diseases of the root cause is due to normal gene sequence changes, but by gene chip (or microarray a) can the accurate determination of gene sequence change of location and the type of change. Bio-chip can also diagnose infectious diseases and resistance testing, organ transplant, drug screening, mentoring individualized medicine, health and quarantine, judicial expertise, etc.

In the many uses of biochips, people are most concerned about is it on human diseases prevention and diagnosis.

Cheng, said, at present, the bio-chip has entered clinical application, start the benefit of millions of households. Like the deafness news articles relevant to maternally inherited factors lead to belong, but it is estimated that China's annual new deaf children nearly 4 million people, of which half is hereditary deafness. It has been found that multiple gene mutation has been involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, and deafness related gene detection, we need more of the sites, traditional testing techniques such as sequencing are often expensive, complex operations. Bio-chip with integrated, high-throughput, quick and easy, and other characteristics that will help clinicians better solve the problem.

Boao biological and PLA General Hospital, Tsinghua University, such as the cooperation of Central South University has developed a hereditary hearing loss gene chip.

This chip can check out the sensorineural hearing loss and large vestibule syndrome patients, can also detect whether people are drug-induced hearing loss gene carriers. Chinese patients with congenital hearing loss carry mitochondrial mutations in about 5%, and mitochondrial mutations and aminoglycoside drugs drug-induced hearing loss are closely related. All were diagnosed as drug deafness gene mutation carriers will require life-long disabled such as streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin and amikacin, neomycin, and so all of the aminoglycoside drugs, otherwise it may cause hearing loss induced by "a needle."

According to Cheng, academician, biochip for ordinary consumers, prices are lower and lower, a bio-chip costs just a few hundred dollars.

Boao creature now has four bio-chip products won the Chinese food and drug administration of the medical device registration certificate, start entering the hospital. With the increased demand for bulk, prices will be cheaper in the future, ordinary people can afford to spend.

Cheng, academician said, before it was expensive, followed by technical inspection means not keeping up with.

For example, one got the infectious disease patients to hospitals, doctors said, eat some antibiotics have a look at the effect again, no change, and now, if I come up with bio-chip, you will know very well what is the patient suffering from, what is the source of infection pathogens, cancer which drugs drug resistance, and can be targeted medication, this would greatly reduce the financial burden on patients, while meeting the purpose of rapid and effective medical treatment.

Hospital surgery video monitoring relay tutorials system design plan

VC3 video monitoring relay tutorials system is a set of IP network video communication system, its collection video monitoring, video, instant two-way interaction, video storage, sharing, remote video browsing, and other functions.

Through the system, not only can you implement remote surgery demonstration and teaching, and can realize remote guidance.

1. real-time remote surgery demonstration

Surgery demonstration is hospital for the essential means of clinical teaching.

But in order to improve the quality of surgical operation, reducing infection rates in hospitals and operating theatres have watch the number of control parameters in the operating room, strictly control the numbers entering the operating room, creating a learning mentor interns the opportunity to significantly reduce operation, is not conducive to improving the quality of learning interns. Use VC3 video monitoring relay tutorials system can in the operating room, through large-screen demonstration operation process, teaching in real time and thus get rid of the traditional teaching mode in time, space and number of constraints, while improving the educational system as a safety factor.

2. the operation of video storage and query

On images and scenes full of real-time video recording and high-quality, long storage, teaching for the future.

Some controversial operation, you can use these videos used as the basis for scientific judgment. Surgery-control these image data for academic study and research, can effectively increases the doctor's surgery.

3. operative filming on-site instant

On the teaching of key actions by shooting method.

Shooting images to JPG files are saved, after further analysis can be rolled over. Learners can use them to learn to use after download.

4. expert remote consultation

Experts without entering the operating room, you can watch the real-time view surgery meeting room high-definition screen, together with on-site doctor patients diagnosed with surgery surgical guide; when the scene is complex, with a network composed by teaching terminal operation seminar, solve operation.

In addition, the system allows pre-set scene images on location, in the learning process can quickly change the observation point, you can use the wireless network, in emergency situations or major surgery temporary settings instructional points without rewiring.

System structure

Surgery video monitoring relay tutorials are divided into the system from the structure, the operation subsystem of the operating room teaching subsystem, exchange control subsystem and the network subsystem four subsystems, the whole system is structured as follows:

Operating subsystem

Operating subsystem is a digital image acquisition-coding system, each room has two channel video by intraoperative camera, panoramic surveillance cameras for image capture, while using omnidirectional pickup Mike, will market the physician's voice and the voice in real time in the operating room as a whole through the network to the tutorials, complete the teaching process.

Surgery teaching subsystem

Surgical tutorials section includes teaching Terminal, voice, Mike and display system, you can make many collective teaching.

Teaching the Terminal has a two-way audio/video decoding capabilities on the site collection of audio and video encoding analog signal processing, received from the network of digital audio and video data to decode to analog video signal output to the families of the projector, big screen TV, and other display devices. Speech Mike is used for voice environment consulting room scene reproduction and communication with doctor's consulting room.

Exchange Control Center subsystem

Exchange control center equipment including monitoring and dispatching server, streaming video server forwarding server, etc.

Monitoring and dispatching server is Exchange Control Center's core equipment, its main function is to complete the user authentication, Terminal address solutions, business function logic scheduling control, and user-level and permission settings management and so on; streaming media forwarding server main role is to implement video forward, protocol translation function, realization of ALM, improve the efficiency of the response to the access and so on; video server's main role is to monitor multiple remote image and sound recording and playback at any query retrieves.

The network subsystem

Network system is the hub for the entire learning system, all video, voice and data over a network device to achieve end-to-end delivery, under normal circumstances the use of existing network systems can be realized.

New 3-d object recognition and image processing can detect tumors

United Kingdom Hertford College researchers developed a new technology that can enable more accurate detection of cancer.

Dr. Soodamani Ramalingam and led the research team developed a 3-d object recognition and image processing technology, which can help the doctor to get a more accurate image of human tumors, making cancer a better recognition and better treatment opportunities.

The research team is currently looking for partners and further funding support, and within three years will be the technology to reach United Kingdom national hospital.

The research group and Paul Strickland scanning Center gets clinical image data.

The research team used fuzzy logic algorithm (Fuzzy Logic) with the combination of image processing methods to identify malignant tumors and accurately define tumor boundary.

"This new image analysis method can be more precisely defined tumor boundary, so has the patient more precise treatment potential.

"Dr.. Ramalingam

The researchers said that this technology can also be applied to other areas, such as the medicine can be assisted PET and CT equipment, because the fuzzy logic algorithm combined with image processing can be better defined tumor.

Passive thermal management programmes to promote the development of medical electronics equipment (1)

Device from the imaging to the surgical instruments to auto-immune, twenty-first century powerful medical technology for impressive, in large part thanks to the microprocessor capable of improvement.

However, for thermal engineers, these advances also have paid the corresponding price. Equipment of power, the greater its calorific value greater means and overall, but also in smaller space for thermal (because the device volume becomes smaller). With our medical equipment for precision and reliability of increasingly demanding, thermal control becomes more important.

Another challenge stems from the medical device which involve high risk and there are some specific requirements of this fact.

For example, to some of the material and human intimacy, thermal solution of some common materials (e.g. copper) in many medical applications cannot use (copper in addition to causing human tissue inflammation, it can cause serious, irreversible nervous tissue degradation). Some medical applications for accuracy, may be used for cooling solution space compression to almost disappear anymore — some surgical instruments need to be heat emission management to avoid causing damage to body tissues, but they only designers 0.5 mm heat transfer technology for deployment.

Another call for ultra-small thermal management programme areas are human implantable device design, Implantable devices that require small size also requires a precise temperature coefficient (∆ T °), in order to protect human organs.

Finally, do cyclical temperature quickly (within a few milliseconds temperature fluctuation range up to 50 ° c) are many laboratory equipment (such as DNA splicer) common characteristics.

All of these and the accuracy, reliability, size limitations and strict material choice related factors make medical thermal engineering on designers, has become a difficult thing.

Thermal design engineers must be efficiency and size Vs cost trade-off between, and increasingly in thermal performance Vs low noise made a choice between (this means that although the fan airflow for high volume so that it has the best thermal performance, but in some applications cannot use the fan).

Heat transfer

Thermal engineers are increasingly turning to passive heat transfer device (e.g., heat pipe) to address these challenges.

Because of the heat pipe of liquid liquid and steam two existing forms, heat pipe for two-phase cooling devices. Working liquid from liquid to vapor change for heat transfer. Duct work liquid after evaporation, transfer (thermal), condensation and cooling after the working fluid being sent back to evaporation area this continuous cycle. In this work process does not have shipping parts fail---in which reliability is extremely important to obtain accurate results or achieving patient rehabilitation applications, this is a core consideration. A passive heat transfer component design simple and straightforward, generally involve a note with working fluid, relatively easy to do miniature vacuum seal. Progressive capillary structure technology helps ensure that have cooling and condensation of a working fluid can resist gravity, it effectively and reliably back heat pipe heat input section. This makes the heat pipe can work in a different direction. More design freedom, designers can use flexible duct.

Another of the more popular thermal programmes is the heat sink.

Heatsink can work in forced or natural convection. But equally, either programmes are meant to make a choice. If you increase the air for cooling, this means that you can reduce the number of fin or reduce cooling fins of the area. However, if you have, the greater the airflow fan, its noise is also bigger; if the airflow fan, fan run quieter and size can be smaller, but this also means that the heatsink must have more or larger fin. Therefore, in the same device to allow cooling components at the same time make it smaller and quieter is not easy.

In the heat pipe heat exchanger, heat conduction through the duct to a fin, and then distributed to the surrounding air.

But also can do it.

At the same time reduce the size and reduce noise is to let radiator more isothermal. Before you can use a single thermoelectric cooler (TEC) cooling heatsink redesign, use multiple TEC, through the heat sink surface heat evenly, no longer purely relying on heat conduction to heat transfer. However, such programmes in addition to the need for maintenance, but also increased the complexity and cost of electronic components.

Rack duct components can provide good thermal stability and technical maintenance workload.

United States medical ultrasound markets 2008 and future years towards

Consulting company KBC a latest market research report, the United States in 2006, ultrasonic equipment market reached a record $ 13.3 billion, in the global market, ultrasound United States occupies a share of 30%, thus the market on ultrasonic equipment manufacturers.

The report also predicts that by 2011, the United States this market is expected to increase to 17.6 billion, annual growth 5.8%.

In 2008, the ultrasound machine products in the u.s. sales revenue over the previous year by 5.3% product upgrade services operating income declined 23%, the growth rate of the whole market to 2.6% reduction.

In the field of cardiac ultrasound in medicine, 2006 showed a particularly active, the first occurrence of cardiac ultrasound product sales more than other types of totals.

KBC CEO Dr. Harvey Klein said, in cardiac ultrasound products market, sales increased 11 percent, traditionally, hospital use ultrasonic equipment for big is Radiology ultrasound unit, Department of obstetrics and Gynecology and vascular surgery, in 2006, ultrasonic equipment manufacturers in the United States market sold 13.3 billion, of which 60% by traditional purchase ultrasound use large, but the growth rate of almost zero, while the other 40% of the product you have purchased from emerging markets, those markets mainly include hospital emergency medicine and anesthesia departments, etc., the rate of growth in emerging markets can reach 30% of these departments on handheld ultrasound system (HCU) needs strong performance.

Allegedly, 2006 in the United States ultrasound market outstanding manufacturers is Philips medical, GE Medical, Siemens Medical and SonoSite, from product sales at first, GE, Philips second, 2006 United States cardiac ultrasound products market sales of Wang is Philips Ie33.

The market analysis report predicts that by 2011, traditional ultrasound market growth will not exceed 3%, and emerging market demand will grow by more than 16%.

PDA, handheld ultrasound system sales growth for the whole ultrasound market reach 1% of the contribution

In addition, the market analysis report also predicts that the next few years the United States market remains the ultrasound big 4 firms.

Klein, for the future of ultrasound market United States cautiously optimistic.

The future is bright, depending on the needs of emerging markets are strong, depending on whether the HCU system depends on the success of new products and new technologies into the market after product updates or upgrades. While the prospect is not optimistic, but the analysis report, or believe that ultrasound imaging is still a critical component of the field.

Image acquisition technology allows remote monitoring to achieve (1)

Remote access device to what extent is used in the medical field? the keener interest is to be expected.

Use Ethernet transport video remote medical monitoring devices can implement many applications, remote guidance, remote diagnosis and remote surgery is only part of them. Such equipment allows doctors regardless of where you can reach the view and analysis of patient information.

Remote technology is typically a medical diagnosis and treatment is an integral part, it helps doctors make high quality continuing medical care closer to patients.

Applied to the medical field of remote devices in successfully integrating a variety of settings and situations, satisfy the ease and convenience needs. Remote diagnosis is a widely-used remote monitoring equipment of one of the main areas. Image acquisition technology is the core component of telemedicine, this article will review the image acquisition technique.

Understanding Remote Diagnostics

Figure 1.

Connection diagram shows how the image acquisition cards connected to one strip VGA or DVI output port of the medical device.

It is now possible through remote diagnosis of specific diseases, difficult symptom.

In the past, patients and doctors in direct contact with the clinics.

However, in the remote monitoring of medical equipment, patients and doctors can live far apart. While some systems use a wired connection, but most systems work in wireless mode. Of course, the need for appropriate training for patients so that patients are able to perform the necessary actions. Therefore, consult a physician to receive real-time, accurate and clear feedback. Ideally, to remotely interact with pictures and a video stream.

Gets the source output video and image of the device-image capture card for video.

You can capture to video content recording to a computer, and then transmitted through the Internet. Image acquisition card model, gets the output from the source, any medical diagnostic equipment. Acquisition of high resolution images or video, make sure the remote diagnosis expert can be used to make diagnosis and analysis of high-quality images.

For example, VGA2Ethernet to up to 120 frames per second rate capture single-link DVI or VGA signal.

Its maximum resolution to 1900 × 1200 and non-destructive manner through the Ethernet transmission of video content. It has one for the target computer is connected to the ordinary RJ45 Ethernet port, supports up to 1 GB of transfer rate.

In this way, the specific number of frames can be achieved per second, depending on the resolution of the screen, the screen refresh rate and screen content changes pixels, the computer is running an operating system, as well as the speed of the computer collection images.

Typically, the transport frame uncompressed images transmitted compressed compared to a frame, the slower the speed. The latest technology in RGB format acquisition and transmission of the original VGA frames. It provides image quality better than VGA-video converter, which is equipped with composite or S-video capture card.

You can connect two or more image capture card, capture multi-channel signal.

However, the use of multiple image acquisition cards, each card's frame rate (per second show or display of the number of frames or images) will vary. Minolta to number of frame rate depends on the performance of your computer. Frame compression does not reduce the quality of the output image. Some image acquisition cards can be used by the Ethernet switch. This can be through a single Ethernet LAN and image acquisition cards.

Through the use of switches, Ethernet cable length is extended, image acquisition cards and the distance between the diagnostic equipment that can left farther.

These features allow users without any loss to the data from diagnostic equipment. VGA content is digitized. The collection to the VGA or DVI signal transmitted via Ethernet. A collection of sound of stereo audio input terminal is essential, for example, for (remote) auscultation.

Telemedicine: actual use cases

VGA2Ethernet can 120 frames per second rate acquisition single-link DVI or VGA signal.

In an emergency or in complex geographic environment, image acquisition cards are very useful.

For example, in 2008, Henry Ford Hospital have used image capture card to capture Canada Everest rescue expedition picture. By using GE LOGIQ book style portable ultrasound device capture pictures and real time transmission via satellite to the exploration base surgeon. Remote monitoring of equipment not only can you implement remote diagnostics can also remotely guiding a trained operator.

Remote guidance

You can accept remote means to complete the check or surgery.

In some cases, to get people in distant experts, professional consultation in a timely manner is critical. A variety of injuries, such as the knee or shoulder injuries, bone crack or fracture, bleeding, muscle atrophy, etc. can be carried out by expert remote patient assessment.

Remote guidance so that a minimum level of training of operational staff and highly skilled medical experts.

Such remote guidance applications useful to emergency personnel and field medical personnel. Use image capture card to capture the image, and add them to the Internet, allowing experts to quickly assess the patient's injuries, and determine whether or not to transport the sick to go to the hospital or to aid in the field.

NASA researchers to this method is optimized for non-medical personnel can acquire an ultrasound image, package

Enclosed musculoskeletal injury in the image. Communication device from the source output (no signal output diagnostic device or digital camera), its collection video via dynamic compression via the Internet.

Figure 2.

The diagram shows how a single VGA printer connected to the medical device, and how to use.

During the Turin Olympics, Henry Ford health system hospital surgical departments have used image capture card for Olympia team doctors online Center.

The on-site treatment process in real-time, high-definition images through video spread to remote physicians.

Remote patient monitoring.

Remote medical system become more reliable and integrated, they can in a more efficient way to meet the needs of older persons. These systems are mostly for people suffering from chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, congestive heart failure, and so on) in elderly patients, elderly patients unable to point to the traditional medical treatment. Used to increase the capacity and help the aged-care for chronic disease care involves a wide range of technologies, including remote monitoring, remote medical as well as other technical realization of medical services.

Remote patient monitoring for a variety of technologies.

These technologies are designed to manage and monitor a range of health conditions. Instant test monitoring device may become used to in the health systems of more than one node of a comprehensive integrated communication between health data collection, analysis and reporting system. These devices are in the patient's health status deteriorated alert occurs.

Remote patient monitoring technology for doctors to comprehensive nursing care, behavior, to consider and make decisions based on evidence of diagnostics, provides effective support.

For patients, caregivers, hospital use remote patient monitoring function. An ideal remote patient monitoring system will take full account of the needs. Collected information includes vital signs (blood glucose, blood pressure, weight and pulse oximetry, etc.), as well as on the patient's emotional and physical condition assessment.

Remote monitoring devices to collect these data and over low-bandwidth telephone line, Internet or a local or wide area network transfers.

These were collected patient information is used for the treatment of patients. Thus strengthening patients, care and communication between hospital and improved care and care support, and improved patient compliance (by doctor medication). This scenario reduces hospitalization and travel to hospital for treatment. By nurses than telephone survey, the programme provides another choice at lower costs.

3-D MRI helps discover the high risk of carotid artery disease

Researchers using 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging to accurately find carotid artery wall bleeding, a cause of stroke

When the aorta is atherosclerosis, fat sediments, and accumulation in the Interior of the vascular wall plaque.

This series of disease over time leading to narrowing of blood vessels, restrict blood flow or cause the blood vessel is completely blocked. Until recently, scientific researchers believe such as narrow and narrow phenomenon is causing most of the causes of heart disease and stroke. But new research shows mixed architecture complex formation of plaque and vascular disease is fatal. These plaques are superficial ulcer, blood clots and in vascular wall hemorrhage features "in our research will have a substantial change," University of Toronto's Allen .R. Mr. Moody: "we now know in plaque in the carotid artery may result in mixed stroke of precursors, and than Vascular Stenosis. "This latest study results suggested 3-D magnetic resonance imaging techniques may prove to be a judge of a high school wind risk patients useful imaging tools. In the study, the researchers use the 3-D magnetic resonance imaging 11 men aged 60-81 of carotid artery disease patients in the trial. These operative for carotid artery plaque through from these patients diseased artery was obtained and analyzed through the microscope. The research team found by magnetic resonance recognition of lesion and microscope analysis of tissue samples highly consistent. "Using a high-resolution 3-D magnetic resonance technology, we can not go through the intervention of the organization within the arterial wall and discovery may lead to the risk of stroke in patients with plaque of minor bleeding," Moody. According to Moody 's, 3-D MRI is an ideal for filter high risk structure complex of carotid plaque of tools and monitoring in patients with involvement of atherosclerosis, slow the progression of the disease. This technology can simply be description and application. Loaded into the angiography of only takes a few minutes.

Hematology Analyzer

General Hematology Analyzer capabilities include: flat panel displays, data record and host communication. The following structure block diagram can help you in the many recommended to choose the applicable product.

A new generation of intelligent WLAN programme introduced the general concern for the medical sector

With the rapid development of information technology, as well as in hospital medical, economic and management aspects of the application, the original wired LAN is unable to meet the medical personnel of the "Internet everywhere" requirements, the wireless LAN technology application in hospitals are facing new opportunities for development.

From a demand point of view, the medical institutions to adopt wireless local area network (WLAN) and Wi-Fi technology and the benefits are obvious:

1. mobile monitoring patients: for some patients, such as heart disease, premature infant, etc. require monitoring of populations, through WLAN technology gets its location and capture the complete patient information, enabling 24 x 7 monitoring, resulting in maximum guarantee the safety of patients.

2. location tracking: Wi-Fi technical support similar global positioning system (GPS), electronic tracking.

For example, doctors near patient beds, using electronic medical record (EMR) will be able to show the patient's medical record, without the need for doctors to find trouble.

3. improve the quality of care and efficiency: with the increase in the number of patients, healthcare professionals, health care personnel work efficiency and quality of care.

While the use of WLAN, nursing staff can free up more time in the wards, thereby greatly improving efficiency. Health care can also be maintained between the seamless exchange of patient information, updated in real time.

4. reduce interference resulted from mobile phone: medical institutions is the first user with Wi-Fi phone.

Due to the medical examination and treatment devices are usually more sensitive to the mobile phone signal will produce no small interference, the performance of medical devices, so many hospital-patient and intensive care unit, and other equipment focus area, the use of shielding devices installed signal to limit cell phone use. On the other hand, traditional PBX systems are also Healthcare has tended to aging, and the cost is too high. As a result, the current world of medical institutions and organizations are considering how to both save money and keep communication open method, it is clear that the adoption of integrated voice and data network is one of the best of both worlds.

Trapeze Networks Inc. is a global leader in wireless solutions provider, has recently passed in Chongqing and Guangzhou holding large medical system user activities, their success in foreign hospital WLAN experience brings to the user.

According to ABI Research on 11 WLAN security provider of research, Trapeze's ranking occupies the first place.

Trapeze Networks has successfully United States more than 100 hospital provides intelligent wireless service. Including Wheatstone monastery health institutions (Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare). This project spans the United States four States 100 more medical institutions, reaching 1600-2000 connections, all managed by a network operations center to manage. Trapeze Networks in the Netherlands of the WLAN market share exceeding 50% in the Nordic market share of approximately 20%.

Trapeze Networks North Asia region Executive Director Kim long said: "we are very willing and Chinese medical institutions in the United States and to share our success in Europe.

Chinese hospitals and patients in the world, is the highest, and the existing network equipment and technologies are of little help to them. By using the Trapeze Networks Smart Mobile, believe in the efficiency of health care professionals will be significantly enhanced, patients and therefore greater satisfaction. ”

Trapeze Networks smart Mobile technology is a breakthrough technology.

Mobile phone use in hospitals for call quality is unsatisfactory, Trapeze Networks provides users with the best WLAN platform to apply dual Wi-Fi, handheld devices or pure Wi-Fi phone. In this way, you can always contact between health care, no delays, greatly improving patient satisfaction. Its intelligent switching technology to optimize the quality of voice communication, and to minimize the load on the controller. In this way, the clinician in hospital environment, the phone will not be dropped. Smart Mobile can achieve long story-level sound quality (Toll-Quality Voice). Trapeze not only cross-enterprise provide fast roaming based on certification, also support the new standards, for example, WMM Powersave. At the same time, Wi-Fi through a handheld device to receive nursing system SMS, cardiac testing, etc. Trapeze Networks smart Mobile also has the ability to conduct effective location tracking to improve incident response time, while reducing inventory and prevent theft. Trapeze's location tracking services solution is unique, it can rapidly identify and correct indicates the location of the track. Trapeze has advanced network planning, configuration, monitoring and reporting system, its overall solution for WLAN management set the industry benchmark, IT departments deploy and operate enterprise WLAN. In all enterprise WLAN solutions, Trapeze Networks is the lowest cost.

Melexis has recently launched mini smart medical infrared thermometer

Infrared thermometer with the main function of the human body temperature is measured to determine the flu and disease.

Infrared thermometer there are three models: ear thermometers, forehead thermometers and non-contact thermometer with remote sensing. Measurement accuracy based on a precise scale thermometer) b) measured the patient body surface temperature are accurate to the actual temperature of the patient. Most of the medical thermometer measurement accuracy ¡à 0.2 ° C or less.

Melexis has recently launched the availability very strong MLX90615 products.

This is the world's first integrated super small TO-46 packaging of highly sensitive infrared thermometers, and previously TO-46 commonly used in the ear thermometers products. The cost performance is extremely high in ultra-small non-contact type thermometer TO-46 package built-in infrared sensors and signal conditioning devices, enabling it to accurate digital form displays the measured temperature.

MLX90615 product sensor component is a goal with feelings of infrared radiation of the micro-mechanical diaphragm chip.

Melexis of this technique after years of industrial and automotive temperature measurement applications, has been fully confirmed. Thermometer in custom signal conditioning chip can zoom and digital sensor diaphragm on modest voltage generated by the thermocouple, chip memory to store the factory setting of scale parameters that can be used to accurately calculate the temperature of the target body. Digital display of temperature in the form is completely linear and environmental temperature compensation. A high level of integration makes MLX90615 and past IR products compared with the better price/performance ratio.

MLX90615 in signal-regulated chip using an advanced low-noise amplifier, a 16-bit ADC and powerful DSP components.

Thermometer can adapt from-40 ° C to 85 ° c, wide operating temperature range, target surface to operating temperature is-40 ° c to 115 ° C, measure the resolution remains at 0.02 ° C. MLX90615 products at 36 ° C to 39 ° C critical temperature range absolute accuracy achieved extremely high ± 0.1 ° C.

Use a 3V power supply voltage Mlx90615, working in the current consumption is less than 1 mA.

Sensors with energy-saving "sleep" mode enables current current consumption of less than 2 µ A. Standards and meet AECQ100 Mlx90615 green RoHS standards. Follow JEDEC020C it can up to 260 ° c temperature welding.

Melexis infrared product marketing manager Luc Buydens said: "this type of intelligent infrared thermometer is able to give our customers a more convenient and efficient production of ear thermometers and other requirements for high accuracy of medical equipment.

In self-control and removable electronic device application, it has a very good effect, its compact form factor and low power consumption has a very high value.